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首页> 外文期刊>Best practice & research:Clinical anaesthesiology >Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia: From traditional unencapsulated local anesthetic to liposomes, cryoneurolysis and peripheral nerve stimulation
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Peripheral nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia: From traditional unencapsulated local anesthetic to liposomes, cryoneurolysis and peripheral nerve stimulation

机译：术后镇痛的周围神经障碍：从传统的未封闭的局部麻醉剂到脂质体，低温解和周围神经刺激

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摘要

Peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs) using local anesthetics either via single injection or continuous perineural catheter have been the mainstay for regional anesthesia and are a vital component of postoperative multimodal opioid-sparing pain management. There are some limitations to PNBs, however, mainly its limited duration of action, but also risk of catheter-associated infection and dis-lodgements. Furthermore, local anesthetic-based blocks can induce sensory deficits and motor weakness, possibly increasing the risk of falling and/or decreasing the ability to participate in postoperative rehabilitation. In this review, we first discuss various local anesthetic-based PNB techniques for major surgery and then review newer modalities, including liposome bupivacaine, cryoanalgesia, and peripheral nerve stimulation; all of which may offer advantages over single and continuous local anesthetic-based PNBs.
机译：通过单射入或连续的会突厥导管使用局部麻醉剂的周围神经嵌段（PNBs）是区域麻醉的主要损灼，是术后多峰阿片类阿片类药物疼痛管理的重要组成部分。 然而，PNBS存在一些局限性，主要是其有限的作用持续时间，而且还有导管相关感染和分类的风险。 此外，局部麻醉的块可以诱导感官缺陷和电机弱点，可能增加落下和/或降低参与术后康复的能力的风险。 在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论主要手术的各种基于局部麻醉药的PNB技术，然后审查更新的方式，包括脂质体Bupivacaine，Croudoangergesia和周围神经刺激; 所有这些都可以提供优于单一和连续的基于麻醉的PNBS的优势。

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