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Anatomical, Physiological, and Functional Diversity of Adipose Tissue

机译:脂肪组织的解剖学,生理学和功能多样性

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摘要

Adipose tissue depots can exist in close association with other organs, where they assume diverse, often non-traditional functions. In stem cell-rich skin, bone marrow, and mammary glands, adipocytes signal to and modulate organ regeneration and remodeling. Skin adipocytes and their progenitors signal to hair follicles, promoting epithelial stem cell quiescence and activation, respectively. Hair follicles signal back to adipocyte progenitors, inducing their expansion and regeneration, as in skin scars. In mammary glands and heart, adipocytes supply lipids to neighboring cells for nutritional and metabolic functions, respectively. Adipose depots adjacent to skeletal structures function to absorb mechanical shock. Adipose tissue near the surface of skin and intestine senses and responds to bacterial invasion, contributing to the body's innate immune barrier. As the recognition of diverse adipose depot functions increases, novel therapeutic approaches centered on tissue-specific adipocytes are likely to emerge for a range of cancers and regenerative, infectious, and autoimmune disorders.
机译:脂肪组织贮库可以与其他器官密切相关,他们认为多样化,通常是非传统功能。在干细胞的皮肤,骨髓和乳腺,脂肪细胞信号与调节器官再生和重塑。皮肤脂肪细胞及其祖先信号向毛囊发出信号,分别促进上皮性干细胞静脉和活化。毛囊信号回到脂肪细胞祖细胞,诱导其膨胀和再生,如皮肤疤痕。在乳腺和心脏中,脂肪细胞分别向营养和代谢功能的相邻细胞供应脂质。与骨骼结构相邻的脂肪贮存器函数以吸收机械冲击。脂肪组织在皮肤和肠道表面附近感觉并反应细菌侵袭,促进身体的天生免疫屏障。随着对多元化脂肪厂的识别增加,始置于组织特异性脂肪细胞的新型治疗方法可能会出现一系列癌症和再生,传染性和自身免疫障碍。

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