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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >Three-step model for condensin activation during mitotic chromosome condensation.
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Three-step model for condensin activation during mitotic chromosome condensation.

机译：有丝分裂染色体缩合过程中凝结活化的三步模型。

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摘要

Chromosomes undergo a major structural reorganization during mitosis. The first step in this reorganization is the compaction of interphase chromatin into highly condensed mitotic chromosomes. An evolutionarily conserved multi-subunit ATPase, the condensin complex, plays a critical role in establishing chromosome architecture and promoting chromosome condensation in mitosis. How does condensin promote chromosome condensation and how, in turn, is the cell cycle machinery activating or restraining condensin activity during the cell cycle are fundamental questions for cell biology. In this review, we examine the role of post-translational modifications, and in particular multi-site phosphorylation, in the regulation of condensin activity during the cell cycle. Remarkably, inspection of phosphorylation sites identified through multiple proteome-wide mass spectrometry analyses reveals that the phosphorylation landscape of condensin is highly conserved evolutionarily and that several kinases regulate condensin in vivo. This analysis leads us to propose a model, the ultrasensitive/kinase switch model, whereby the phosphorylation of condensin by multiple kinases allows the process of chromosome condensation to be maintained and even increased under fluctuating levels of cyclin-CDK activity during mitosis. Our model reconciles how chromosome condensation might be highly sensitive to low levels of CDK activity in early mitosis and subsequently insensitive to the declining levels of CDK activity in late mitosis.
机译：染色体在有丝分裂期间经历了主要的结构重组。该重组中的第一步是将染色质的差异与高浓缩有丝分裂染色体的压实。一种进化的多亚基ATP酶，夹心复合物在建立染色体结构和促进有丝分裂中的染色体凝结方面起着关键作用。夹杂物如何促进染色体缩合以及依次是如何激活或抑制细胞周期中的凝结活性的细胞周期机械是细胞生物学的基本问题。在本综述中，我们在细胞周期中调节凝胶素活性的调节中，检查翻译后修饰和特定多场磷酸化的作用。值得注意的是，通过多种蛋白质群体 - 宽的质谱分析鉴定的磷酸化位点显示夹杂物的磷酸化景观高度保守的进化，并且几种激酶调节体内凝结物。该分析导致我们提出了一种模型，超细胞瘤/激酶开关模型，由此通过多个激酶的凝结磷酸化允许在有丝分裂期间的细胞周期蛋白CDK活性的波动水平下保持且甚至增加染色体缩合。我们的模型调整染色体凝结如何对早期有丝分裂的低水平CDK活性以及随后对晚期有丝分裂中的CDK活性水平的不敏感。

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  • 来源
    《Cell cycle》 |2010年第16期|共13页
  • 作者

    Bazile F; St Pierre J; DAmours D;

  • 作者单位

    Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer Departement de Pathologie et biologie cellulaire Universite de Montreal Montreal QC Canada.;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 细胞生物学;
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