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Tissue stem cells: the new actors in the aneuploidy field

机译：组织干细胞：非倍差场中的新作用仪

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摘要

The development of multicellular organisms and the maintenance of its tissues relies on mitosis. However, this process represents a major challenge for genomic stability as each time a cell division occurs there are multiple steps where errors can lead to an abnormal chromosomal content in daughter cells - aneuploidy. Aneuploidy was first postulated to act as a tumour promoting agent over one century ago. Since then, we have learned to appreciate the complexity involving the cellular responses to aneuploidy and to value the importance of models where aneuploidy is induced in vivo and in a cell-type specific manner. Recent data suggests that stem cells evolved a distinct response to aneuploidy, being able to survive and proliferate as aneuploid. Since stem cells are the main cells responsible for tissue renewal, it is of the utmost importance to place the spotlight on stem cells within the aneuploidy field. Here, we briefly review some of the biological mechanisms implicated in aneuploidy, the relationship between aneuploidy and tissue pathologies, and summarize the most recent findings in Drosophila on how tissue stem cells respond to aneuploidy. Once we understand how stem cell behavior is impacted by aneuploidy, we might be able to better describe the complicated link between aneuploidy and tumourigenesis.
机译：多细胞生物的发展和其组织的维持依赖于有丝分裂。然而，该方法代表基因组稳定性的主要挑战，因为每当细胞分裂发生时有多个步骤，其中误差可能导致子细胞中的异常染色体含量 - 非血管体。 Aneuproidy首先假设为一个世纪以前的肿瘤促进剂。从那时起，我们已经学会了欣赏涉及细胞反应的复杂性，并且重视组织型在体内诱导的模型和细胞类型特异性方式的重要性。最近的数据表明，干细胞演化了对非整倍性的不同反应，能够存活和增殖作为一种非洲倍体。由于干细胞是负责组织更新的主要细胞，因此将聚光灯放在非倍差场内的干细胞上至关重要。在这里，我们简要介绍了一种涉及非整倍性的生物学机制，无倍性和组织病理之间的关系，并总结了果蝇中的最新发现对组织干细胞的响应交氮细胞。一旦我们了解干细胞行为是如何受动脉倍性的影响，我们可能能够更好地描述非倍性和肿瘤之间的复杂联系。

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