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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >SMC complexes and topoisomerase II work together so that sister chromatids can work apart.
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SMC complexes and topoisomerase II work together so that sister chromatids can work apart.

机译：SMC复合物和Topoisomerase II一起工作，以便姐妹染色体可以分开。

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摘要

The pairing of sister chromatids in interphase facilitates error-free homologous recombination (HR). Sister chromatids are held together by cohesin, one of three Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes. In mitosis, chromosome condensation is controlled by another SMC complex, condensin, and the type II topoisomerase (Top2). In prophase, cohesin is stripped from chromosome arms, but remains at centromeres until anaphase, whereupon it is removed via proteolytic cleavage by separase. The third SMC complex, Smc5/6, is generally described as a regulator of HR-mediated DNA repair. However, cohesin and condensin are also required for DNA repair, and HR genes are not essential for cell viability, but the SMC complexes are. Smc5/6 null mutants die in mitosis, and in fission yeast, Smc5/6 hypomorphs show lethal mitoses following genotoxic stress, or when combined with a Top2 mutant, top2-191. We found these mitotic defects are due to retention of cohesin on chromosome arms. We also show that Top2 functions in the cohesin cycle, and accumulating data suggests this is not related to its decatenation activity. Thus the SMC complexes and Top2 functionally interact, and any DNA repair function ascribed to Smc5/6 is likely a reflection of a more fundamental role in the regulation of chromosome structure.
机译：在间间的姐妹染色体的配对有利于无差无同质重组（HR）。姐妹染系患者通过休蛋白，染色体（SMC）复合物的三种结构维持中的一种。在有丝分裂中，染色体缩合由另一个SMC复合物，凝聚物和II型拓扑异构酶（TOP2）控制。在预先磷酸中，从染色体臂中剥离Cohesin，但保留在Centromers直至后，通过分离物通过蛋白水解解除去。第三种SMC复合物SMC5 / 6通常被描述为HR介导的DNA修复的调节剂。然而，DNA修复也需要Cohesin和Concensin，并且HR基因对细胞活力不是必需的，但是SMC复合物是。 SMC5 / 6零突变体死于有丝分裂，并且在裂变酵母中，SMC5 / 6次脉冲显示出遗传毒性应激后的致命显影，或与TOP2突变体，TOP2-191结合时。我们发现这些有丝分裂性缺陷是由于在染色体臂上保留休蛋白。我们还显示CoInin周期中的Top2功能，并且累积数据表明，这与其陈旧活动无关。因此，SMC复合物和TOP2功能性相互作用，以及归因于SMC5 / 6的任何DNA修复功能可能反映在染色体结构的调节中的更重要作用。

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  • 来源
    《Cell cycle》 |2010年第11期|共6页
  • 作者

    OConnell MJ;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Oncological Sciences Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York NY USA.;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 细胞生物学;
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