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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >SMC complexes and topoisomerase II work together so that sister chromatids can work apart.
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SMC complexes and topoisomerase II work together so that sister chromatids can work apart.

机译：SMC复合物和拓扑异构酶II协同工作，以便姐妹染色单体可以分开工作。

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The pairing of sister chromatids in interphase facilitates error-free homologous recombination (HR). Sister chromatids are held together by cohesin, one of three Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes. In mitosis, chromosome condensation is controlled by another SMC complex, condensin, and the type II topoisomerase (Top2). In prophase, cohesin is stripped from chromosome arms, but remains at centromeres until anaphase, whereupon it is removed via proteolytic cleavage by separase. The third SMC complex, Smc5/6, is generally described as a regulator of HR-mediated DNA repair. However, cohesin and condensin are also required for DNA repair, and HR genes are not essential for cell viability, but the SMC complexes are. Smc5/6 null mutants die in mitosis, and in fission yeast, Smc5/6 hypomorphs show lethal mitoses following genotoxic stress, or when combined with a Top2 mutant, top2-191. We found these mitotic defects are due to retention of cohesin on chromosome arms. We also show that Top2 functions in the cohesin cycle, and accumulating data suggests this is not related to its decatenation activity. Thus the SMC complexes and Top2 functionally interact, and any DNA repair function ascribed to Smc5/6 is likely a reflection of a more fundamental role in the regulation of chromosome structure.
机译：相间姐妹染色单体的配对促进了无错误的同源重组（HR）。姐妹染色单体通过粘着蛋白结合在一起，粘着蛋白是染色体（SMC）复合物的三种结构维护之一。在有丝分裂中，染色体凝结由另一种SMC复合物，凝缩蛋白和II型拓扑异构酶（Top2）控制。在前期，粘着蛋白从染色体臂上剥离，但一直保持着着丝粒状态直到后期，随后通过分离酶的蛋白水解切割将其除去。通常将第三个SMC复合体Smc5 / 6描述为HR介导的DNA修复的调节剂。但是，DNA修复也需要粘附素和凝缩素，HR基因对于细胞生存力不是必需的，而SMC复合物则是必需的。 Smc5 / 6无效突变体在有丝分裂中死亡，在裂变酵母中，Smc5 / 6亚同形体在遗传毒性胁迫下或与Top2突变体top2-191结合后显示致命的有丝分裂。我们发现这些有丝分裂缺陷是由于粘着蛋白在染色体臂上的保留所致。我们还显示，Top2在黏着蛋白循环中起作用，并且积累的数据表明，这与其脱脂活性无关。因此，SMC复合物和Top2在功能上相互作用，归因于Smc5 / 6的任何DNA修复功能都可能反映了染色体结构调控中更基本的作用。

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