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Kidney atrophy vs hypertrophy in diabetes: which cells are involved?

机译：糖尿病肾萎缩与肥胖：涉及哪种细胞？

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One of the first structural changes in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the renal enlargement. These changes resulted in renal hypertrophy in both glomerular and tubular cells. Shrink in the kidney size, which described as kidney atrophy resulted from the loss of nephrons or abnormal nephron function and lead to loss of the kidney function. On the other hand, increase in kidney size, which described as hypertrophy resulted from increase in proximal tubular epithelial and glomerular cells size. However overtime, tubular atrophy and tubulointerstitial fibrosis occurs as subsequent changes in tubular cell hypertrophy, which is associated with the infiltration of fibroblast cells into the tubulointerstitial space. The rate of deterioration of kidney function shows a strong correlation with the degree of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. A consequence of long-standing diabetes/hyperglycemia may lead to major changes in renal structure that occur but not specific only to nephropathy. Identifying type of cells that involves in renal atrophy and hypertrophy may help to find a therapeutic target to treat diabetic nephropathy. In summary, the early changes in diabetic kidney are mainly includes the increase in tubular basement membrane thickening which lead to renal hypertrophy. On the other hand, only renal tubule is subjected to apoptosis, which is one of the characteristic morphologic changes in diabetic kidney to form tubular atrophy at the late stage of diabetes.
机译：糖尿病肾病（DN）的第一种结构变化之一是肾增大。这些变化导致肾小球和管状细胞中的肾肥大。肾脏大小缩小，被描述为肾脏萎缩导致肾脏或异常肾功能的损失导致肾功能丧失。另一方面，增加肾小写，称为肥大导致近侧管状上皮和肾小球细胞的大小增加。然而，随着管状细胞肥大的后续变化，加管加班，管状萎缩和微管间纤维化，这与成纤维细胞渗透到微管间隙中的渗透相关。肾功能的恶化率表现出与微管膨胀程度的强烈相关性。长期糖尿病/高血糖可导致肾脏结构的重大变化，其发生但不具体仅针对肾病。鉴定涉及肾萎缩和肥大的细胞类型可能有助于寻找治疗糖尿病肾病的治疗靶。总之，糖尿病肾的早期变化主要包括增加管状基底膜增稠的增加，导致肾肥大。另一方面，仅进行肾小管凋亡，这是糖尿病肾脏在糖尿病晚期形成管状萎缩的特征形态变化之一。

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