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首页> 外文期刊>Cytoskeleton >Oscillatory fluid flow influences primary cilia and microtubule mechanics
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Oscillatory fluid flow influences primary cilia and microtubule mechanics

机译：振荡性流体流量影响初级纤毛和微管力学

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Many tissues are sensitive to mechanical stimuli; however, the mechanotransduction mechanism used by cells remains unknown in many cases. The primary cilium is a solitary, immotile microtubule-based extension present on nearly every mammalian cell which extends from the basal body. The cilium is a mechanosensitive organelle and has been shown to transduce fluid flow-induced shear stress in tissues, such as the kidney and bone. The majority of microtubules assemble from the mother centriole (basal body), contributing significantly to the anchoring of the primary cilium. Several studies have attempted to quantify the number of microtubules emanating from the basal body and the results vary depending on the cell type. It has also been shown that cellular response to shear stress depends on microtubular integrity. This study hypothesizes that changing the microtubule attachment of primary cilia in response to a mechanical stimulus could change primary cilia mechanics and, possibly, mechanosensitivity. Oscillatory fluid flow was applied to two different cell types and the microtubule attachment to the ciliary base was quantified. For the first time, an increase in microtubules around primary cilia both with time and shear rate in response to oscillatory fluid flow stimulation was demonstrated. Moreover, it is presented that the primary cilium is required for this loading-induced cellular response. This study has demonstrated a new role for the cilium in regulating alterations in the cytoplasmic microtubule network in response to mechanical stimulation, and therefore provides a new insight into how cilia may regulate its mechanics and thus the cells mechanosensitivity.
机译：许多组织对机械刺激敏感。然而，在许多情况下，细胞所使用的机械转导机制仍然未知。初级纤毛是在几乎每一个从基体延伸的哺乳动物细胞上都存在的一种孤立的，不可移动的，基于微管的延伸。纤毛是机械敏感的细胞器，并已被证明可转导组织（例如肾脏和骨骼）中流体流动引起的剪切应力。大多数微管是从母粒（基体）组装而来，对初级纤毛的锚定起了重要作用。几项研究试图量化从基体发出的微管的数量，其结果取决于细胞类型。还已经表明，细胞对剪切应力的反应取决于微管的完整性。这项研究假设，响应机械刺激改变原发纤毛的微管附着可能会改变原发纤毛的力学，并可能改变其机械敏感性。将振荡液流应用于两种不同的细胞类型，并对微管与睫状体基底的附着进行定量。首次证明，响应振荡流体流动刺激，原发纤毛周围的微管随时间和剪切速率增加。此外，提出了这种负荷诱导的细胞应答需要初级纤毛。这项研究证明了纤毛在调节细胞质微管网络响应机械刺激而发生的变化中的新作用，因此为纤毛如何调节其力学从而调节细胞的机械敏感性提供了新的见解。

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