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首页> 外文期刊>Cytoskeleton >The nucleus is a conserved mechanosensation and mechanoresponse organelle
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The nucleus is a conserved mechanosensation and mechanoresponse organelle

机译：原子核是保守的机械感觉和机械反应细胞器

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摘要

Cells in vivo exist in a dynamic environment where they experience variable mechanical influences. The precise mechanical environment influences cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions, and in-turn, cell morphology and cell function. Therefore, the ability of each cell to constantly and rapidly alter their behavior in response to variations in their mechanical environment is essential for cell viability, development, and function. Mechanotransduction, the process by which mechanical force is translated into a biochemical signal to activate downstream cellular responses, is thus crucial to cell function during development and homeostasis. Although much research has focused on how protein complexes at the cell cortex respond to mechanical stress to initiate mechanotransduction, the nucleus has emerged as crucial to the ability of the cell to perceive and respond to changes in its mechanical environment. This additional method for mechanosensing allows for direct transmission of force through the cytoskeleton to the nucleus, which can increase the speed at which a cell changes its transcriptional profile. This review discusses recent work demonstrating the importance of the nucleus in mediating the cellular response to internal and external force, establishing the nucleus as an important mechanosensing organelle. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：体内细胞存在于动态环境中，在那里它们会受到各种机械影响。精确的机械环境会影响细胞-细胞相互作用，细胞-细胞外基质相互作用以及依次的细胞形态和细胞功能。因此，每个细胞响应其机械环境的变化而不断快速改变其行为的能力对于细胞活力，发育和功能至关重要。因此，机械转导是机械力转化为生化信号以激活下游细胞反应的过程，因此对于发育和体内平衡过程中的细胞功能至关重要。尽管许多研究都集中在细胞皮层的蛋白质复合物如何响应机械应力以启动机械转导，但细胞核已成为对细胞感知和响应其机械环境变化的能力的关键。这种附加的机械传感方法可以将力直接通过细胞骨架传递至细胞核，从而可以提高细胞改变其转录谱的速度。这篇综述讨论了最近的工作，这些工作证明了核在介导细胞对内力和外力的反应中的重要性，并将核确立为重要的机械传感细胞器。 （c）2016年威利期刊有限公司

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