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Current Treatment Options for Intervertebral Disc Pathologies

机译：椎间盘病理的当前治疗方案

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The complex structure of the intervertebral disc within the spine is well suited to its mechanical function. However, it is also prone to degeneration, which is associated with various clinical symptoms and conditions, ranging from disc herniation to back pain to spinal stenosis. Most patients’ conditions are managed conservatively but a small proportion progress to having surgery. This may be decompression (to remove tissue such as the disc, bone, or hypertrophic ligaments impinging on nerves) or fusion of the normally mobile intervertebral joint to immobilize it and so reduce pain. These used to involve fairly major surgical procedures, but in the past decade there has been much progress to make the surgery more refined and less invasive, for example using endoscopic approaches. Simultaneously, the research world has been studying and developing tissue engineering and cellular techniques for attempting to regenerate the intervertebral disc, whether simply the central nucleus pulposus or a complete intricate assembly to replicate the native structure of this and the surrounding annulus fibrosus, cartilage endplate, and bone. To date, none of the complex entities have been trialed, while cellular approaches are easier to utilize, have progressed to clinical trials, and may offer a better solution.
机译：脊柱内的椎间盘的复杂结构非常适合其机械功能。然而，它也易于退化，这与各种临床症状和条件相关，从椎间盘突出症中恢复疼痛狭窄。大多数患者的病症保守管理，但在手术方面的比例较小。这可能是减压（用于去除诸如椎间盘，骨骼或肥大韧带的组织，撞击神经的抗体）或常规移动椎间关节的融合以固定它，因此减少疼痛。这些用于涉及相当主要的外科手术，但在过去的十年里，使手术更加精致和更少的侵入性，例如使用内窥镜方法。同时，研究世界一直在研究和开发组织工程和蜂窝技术，以试图再生椎间盘，无论是中央核嫁妆还是完全复杂的组装，以复制这个和周围环形纤维的天然结构，软骨底板，和骨头。迄今为止，没有经过试验复杂的实体，而蜂窝方法更容易利用，已经进入临床试验，并且可以提供更好的解决方案。

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