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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Succession of weed flora in some New Zealand asparagus crops
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Succession of weed flora in some New Zealand asparagus crops

机译：某些新西兰芦笋作物中杂草区系的演替

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The weed flora of most New Zealand asparagus crops has changed rapidly due in part to cultural practices but largely due to the repeated use of herbicides. The weed composition in the early establishment phase of most asparagus crops consists of many annual broadleaf and grass weed species, of which only five or six broadleaf and two or three grass weeds dominate. The spectrum of weeds varies with both climatic and soil (mainly texture) differences and the numbers reach several million seedlings/hain some cases. As these common weeds are removed by cultivation, or more often by herbicides, the composition shifts to warm-zone perennial grasses, e.g. Paspalum spp. and Cynodon dactylon. Broadleaf weeds that have emerged as specific problems are Gnaphalium luteoalbum in fields where uracil or triazine herbicides have been used repeatedly, and triazine-resistant Chenopodium album and Polygonum persicaria as a result of reliance on triazine herbicides. Other particularly troublesome weeds to appear inmany fields have included Cirsium arvense, Calystegia silvatica [C. silvaticum] and Convolvulus arvensis, as their growth habits are somewhat similar to asparagus and herbicides do not provide adequate long-term control. Ranunculus repens, a weed of pastures and orchards, has also encroached into some fields, and recently Cyperus rotundus has also appeared in some crops and may prove to be a problem in the future. Research has kept pace in developing control strategies, which are discussed. It is strongly recommended that herbicides belonging to different chemical families are rotated in the weed control programme to slow down the shift in weed composition and limit the development of herbicide resistance.
机译：大多数新西兰芦笋作物的杂草植物群发生了快速变化，部分原因是由于文化习俗，但在很大程度上是由于重复使用了除草剂。大多数芦笋作物在早期建立阶段的杂草成分由许多一年生的阔叶和草杂草种类组成，其中只有五到六个阔叶和两到三个草杂草占主导地位。杂草的光谱随气候和土壤（主要是质地）的不同而变化，在某些情况下，杂草的数量达到数百万棵。由于这些常见的杂草是通过耕种去除的，或更常见的是通过除草剂去除的，因此其成分转移到了温带多年生草，例如Paspalum spp。和犬牙龙。作为特定问题出现的阔叶杂草是在反复使用尿嘧啶或三嗪除草剂的田地中的黄麻油菜，以及由于依赖三嗪除草剂而产生的对三嗪有抵抗力的藜属白album和百日草。出现在许多田地上的其他特别麻烦的杂草还包括Cirsium arvense，Calystegia silvatica [C. [silvaticum]和Convolvulus arvensis，因为它们的生长习性与芦笋有些相似，除草剂无法提供足够的长期控制。牧场和果园杂草的毛an（Ranunculus repens）也入侵了一些田地，最近香附子（Cyperus rotundus）也出现在某些农作物中，将来可能会成为一个问题。研究一直在发展控制策略方面保持同步，对此进行了讨论。强烈建议在杂草控制程序中旋转属于不同化学家族的除草剂，以减缓杂草组成的变化并限制除草剂抗性的发展。

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