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首页> 外文期刊>Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology >Infants' prosocial behavior is governed by cost-benefit analyses
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Infants' prosocial behavior is governed by cost-benefit analyses

机译：婴儿的口语行为受到成本效益分析的管辖

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摘要

Cost-benefit analyses are central to mature decision-making and behavior across a range of contexts. Given debates regarding the nature of infants' prosociality, we investigated whether 18-month-old infants' (N = 160) prosocial behavior is impacted by anticipated costs and benefits. Infants participated in a helping task in which they could carry either a heavy or light block across a room to help an experimenter. Infants' helping behavior was attenuated when the anticipated physical costs were high versus low (Experiment 1), and high-cost helping was enhanced under conditions of increased intrinsic motivational benefits (Experiments 2 and 3). High-cost helping was further predicted by infants' months of walking experience, presumably because carrying a heavy block across a room is more effortful for less experienced walkers than for more experienced walkers demonstrating that infants subjectively calibrate costs. Thus, infants' prosocial responding may be guided by a rational decision-making process that weighs and integrates costs and benefits.
机译：成本效益分析是一系列背景下的成熟决策和行为的核心。鉴于婴幼儿的性质的辩论，我们调查了18个月大的婴儿（n = 160）个体的女性行为是否受到预期的成本和福利的影响。婴儿参加了一个帮助任务，其中他们可以在房间里携带重型或轻微的块来帮助实验者。当预期的物理成本高（实验1）时，婴儿的帮助行为被衰减，并且在增加内在动机益处（实验2和3）的条件下提高了高成本帮助。婴儿几个月的步行经验进一步预测了高成本帮助，可能是因为在房间里携带沉重的街区，对于更不经验丰富的步行者来说比更有经验的步行者展示婴儿主观校准成本的更加努力。因此，婴儿的女性响应可以通过重大决策过程指导，这是重量和整合成本和益处。

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