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首页> 外文期刊>Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology >Numerical cognition is resilient to dramatic changes in early sensory experience
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Numerical cognition is resilient to dramatic changes in early sensory experience

机译：数值认知是早期感觉体验中的戏剧性变化的弹性

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Humans and non-human animals can approximate large visual quantities without counting. The approximate number representations underlying this ability are noisy, with the amount of noise proportional to the quantity being represented. Numerate humans also have access to a separate system for representing exact quantities using number symbols and words; it is this second, exact system that supports most of formal mathematics. Although numerical approximation abilities and symbolic number abilities are distinct in representational format and in their phylogenetic and ontogenetic histories, they appear to be linked throughout development-individuals who can more precisely discriminate quantities without counting are better at math. The origins of this relationship are debated. On the one hand, symbolic number abilities may be directly linked to, perhaps even rooted in, numerical approximation abilities. On the other hand, the relationship between the two systems may simply reflect their independent relationships with visual abilities. To test this possibility, we asked whether approximate number and symbolic math abilities are linked in congenitally blind individuals who have never experienced visual sets or used visual strategies to learn math. Congenitally blind and blind-folded sighted participants completed an auditory numerical approximation task, as well as a symbolic arithmetic task and non math control tasks. We found that the precision of approximate number representations was identical across congenitally blind and sighted groups, suggesting that the development of the Approximate Number System (ANS) does not depend on visual experience. Crucially, the relationship between numerical approximation and symbolic math abilities is preserved in congenitally blind individuals. These data support the idea that the Approximate Number System and symbolic number abilities are intrinsically linked, rather than indirectly linked through visual abilities.
机译：人类和非人类动物可以近似大视力而不计数。这种能力的近似数表示是嘈杂的，噪音与表示数量成比例的噪声量。 Numoge人类还可以访问单独的系统，用于使用数字符号和单词表示精确数量;这是第二，确切的系统，支持大多数正式数学。尽管数值近似能力和象征性的数字能力以代表性形式和系统发育和植入历史而不同，但它们似乎在整个开发中都挂钩，他们可以更精确地区分数量而不计数的数学更好。这种关系的起源是争论的。一方面，符号数量能力可以直接链接到，也许甚至根植入，数值近似能力。另一方面，两个系统之间的关系可以简单地反映其与视觉能力的独立关系。为了测试这一可能性，我们询问是否在从未经历过视觉集或使用视觉策略以学习数学的蒙太盲人中链接大致数量和符号数学能力。盲人盲目和折叠的视力参与者完成了听觉数值近似任务，以及符号算术任务和非数学控制任务。我们发现，近似数量表示的精度在盲目盲目和视力群体中是相同的，这表明近似数字系统（ANS）的发展不依赖于视觉体验。至关重要的是，数值近似和符号数学能力之间的关系被保存在蒙显个体中。这些数据支持近似数字系统和符号数字能力本质上链接的想法，而不是通过视觉能力间接链接。

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