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A systematic review of motivational values and conservation success in and around protected areas

机译：保护区励志价值和保护成功的系统审查

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摘要

In conservation projects in and around protected areas (PAs), a suite of policy instruments are used to promote conservation behavior in local people. Few studies have related psychological research on motivational values to conservation in PAs. We conducted a systematic review of 120 peer-reviewed articles to assess the relative frequencies of policy instruments that aimed to foster intrinsic versus extrinsic motivations to conserve. We examined how the type of motivation engendered by the instrument (i.e., intrinsic or extrinsic motivation and based on the description of how the project was designed and implemented) influenced the ecological, economic, and social success of the project. We assessed the success of the project in only the case studies that included a quantitative or qualitative analysis of success. Projects designed to foster at least one intrinsically motivating instrument were 3 times more likely to meet socioeconomic or ecological goals. Although certain types of instruments such as payments or fines tended to be based on extrinsic motivators more often than education or monitoring programs, several successful projects involving payments or fines were linked to intrinsic motivation in the local community. Thus, our results suggest that rather than debating the relative merits of specific types of policy instruments, conservationists may have more success by focusing on how different motivators, suited to specific contexts, can better empower local communities to conserve. Broadly, our results suggest the current emphasis on social justice and well-being of local communities is a positive step toward protecting the world's remaining biodiversity.
机译：在保护区和周围的保护项目（PAS）中，一套政策工具用于促进当地人民的保护行为。少数研究对PAS保护的励志价值有相关的心理研究。我们对120个同行评审条款进行了系统审查，以评估旨在培养内在与外在动机的保存的政策工具的相对频率。我们检查了仪器（即，内在或外在动机以及基于项目的设计和实施的内在动机的动机类型如何影响项目的生态，经济和社会成功。我们仅在案例研究中评估了该项目的成功，其中包括对成功的定量或定性分析。旨在培养至少一个本质上激励仪器的项目是满足社会经济或生态目标的可能性是3倍。尽管诸如支付或罚款等某些类型的文书，但往往基于来自教育或监测计划的内在励志，涉及支付或罚款的几个成功项目与当地社区的内在动机有关。因此，我们的结果表明，而不是争论特定类型的政策工具的相对优点，保护主义者可以通过专注于适合特定情况的不同促进者，更好地赋予当地社区来提供更多的成功。广泛地，我们的成绩表明目前对社会公正和当地社区的福祉是一种积极的迈为保护世界剩余生物多样性的积极阶段。

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