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Global patterns and trends in human–wildlife conflict compensation

机译：人类野生动物冲突补偿的全球模式和趋势

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Abstract > Human–wildlife conflict is a major conservation challenge, and compensation for wildlife damage is a widely used economic tool to mitigate this conflict. The effectiveness of this management tool is widely debated. The relative importance of factors associated with compensation success is unclear, and little is known about global geographic or taxonomic differences in the application of compensation programs. We reviewed research on wildlife‐damage compensation to determine geographic and taxonomic gaps, analyze patterns of positive and negative comments related to compensation, and assess the relative magnitude of global compensation payments. We analyzed 288 publications referencing wildlife compensation and identified 138 unique compensation programs. These publications reported US$222 million (adjusted for inflation) spent on compensation in 50 countries since 1980. Europeans published the most articles, and compensation funding was highest in Europe, where depredation by wolves and bears was the most frequently compensated damage. Authors of the publications we reviewed made twice as many negative comments as positive comments about compensation. Three‐quarters of the negative comments related to program administration. Conversely, three‐quarters of the positive comments related to program outcomes. The 3 most common suggestions to improve compensation programs included requiring claimants to employ damage‐prevention practices, such as improving livestock husbandry or fencing of crops to receive compensation ( <fi>n</fi> = 25, 15%); modifying ex post compensation schemes to some form of outcome‐based performance payment ( <fi>n</fi> = 21, 12%); and altering programs to make compensation payments more quickly ( <fi>n</fi> = 14, 8%). We suggest that further und </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><Abstract XMLNS =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>抽象</ title> >人 - 野生动物冲突是一个重大的保护挑战，对野生动物伤害的补偿是一种广泛使用的经济工具来减轻这种冲突。该管理工具的有效性得到了广泛的争论。与赔偿成功相关的因素的相对重要性尚不清楚，并且关于赔偿计划申请的全球地理或分类学差异很少。我们审查了野生动物损害补偿的研究，以确定地理和分类差距，分析与赔偿相关的正面和负面评论的模式，并评估全球赔偿金的相对规模。我们分析了288个引用野生动物补偿的出版物，并确定了138个独特的补偿计划。这些出版物报告于自1980年以来的50个国家的赔偿金额为2220万美元（调整通货膨胀）。欧洲人发表了最多的文章，欧洲的赔偿资金最高，其中狼和熊的掠夺是最常见的补偿损害。出版物的作者我们审查了两倍的负面评论，作为关于赔偿的正面评价。四分之三的与计划管理有关的负面评论。相反，四分之三的正面评论与计划结果有关。提高补偿计划的3个最常见的建议包括要求索赔人雇用损害预防措施，例如改善畜牧业或击剑作物以获得赔偿（<FI> N </ FI> = 25,15％）;修改前后补偿计划，以某种形式的基于结果的绩效付款（<fi> n </ fi> = 21,12％）;更改计划以更快地进行赔偿金（<fi> n </ fi> = 14,8％）。我们建议进一步缺点 </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-17051/'>《Conservation Biology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第6期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共10页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Ravenelle Jeremy&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Ravenelle Jeremy;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Nyhus Philip J.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Nyhus Philip J.;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Environmental Studies ProgramColby College5358 Mayflower Hill Waterville Maine 04901 U.S.A.;</p> <p>Environmental Studies ProgramColby College5358 Mayflower Hill Waterville Maine 04901 U.S.A.;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1957.html" title="环境生物学">环境生物学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=biodiversity&option=203" rel="nofollow">biodiversity;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=coexistence&option=203" rel="nofollow">coexistence;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=mitigation&option=203" rel="nofollow">mitigation;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=biodiversidad&option=203" rel="nofollow">biodiversidad;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=coexistencia&option=203" rel="nofollow">coexistencia;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=mitigación&option=203" rel="nofollow">mitigación;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：生物多样性;共存;缓解;生物多样性;共存;缓解; 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