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Addressing transboundary conservation challenges through marine spatial prioritization

机译：通过海洋空间优先级解决跨界保护挑战

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The Adriatic and Ionian Region is an important area for both strategic maritime development and biodiversity conservation in the European Union (EU). However, given that both EU and non-EU countries border the sea, multiple legal and regulatory frameworks operate at different scales, which can hinder the coordinated long-term sustainable development of the region. Transboundary marine spatial planning can help overcome these challenges by building consensus on planning objectives and making the trade-offs between biodiversity conservation and its influence on economically important sectors more explicit. We address this challenge by developing and testing 4 spatial prioritization strategies with the decision-support tool Marxan, which meets targets for biodiversity conservation while minimizing impacts to users. We evaluated these strategies in terms of how priority areas shift under different scales of target setting (e.g., regional vs. country level). We also examined the trade-off between cost-efficiency and how equally solutions represent countries and maritime industries (n = 14) operating in the region with the protection-equality metric. We found negligible differences in where priority conservation areas were located when we set targets for biodiversity at the regional versus country scale. Conversely, the prospective impacts on industries, when considered as costs to be minimized, were highly divergent across scenarios and biased the placement of protection toward industries located in isolation or where there were few other industries. We recommend underpinning future marine spatial planning efforts in the region through identification of areas of national significance, transboundary areas requiring cooperation between countries, and areas where impacts on maritime industries require careful consideration of the trade-off between biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic objectives.
机译：亚得里亚人和爱奥尼亚地区是欧盟（欧盟）战略海事发展和生物多样性保护的重要领域。但是，鉴于欧盟和非欧盟国家边境海洋，多元法律和监管框架在不同的尺度上运作，这可能阻碍该地区的协调长期可持续发展。跨界海洋空间规划可以通过建立关于规划目标的共识并使生物多样性保护之间的权衡及其对经济上重要部门之间的权衡更明确的努力克服这些挑战。我们通过开发和测试4个空间优先级策略与决策支持工具马克兰来解决这一挑战，这符合生物多样性保护的目标，同时最大限度地减少对用户的影响。我们在各个目标环境下的不同尺度范围内转移（例如，区域与国家一级）的优先级转变来评估这些策略。我们还审查了成本效率之间的权衡以及同样的解决方案如何代表该区域在该地区运行的国家和海事行业（N = 14），具有保护 - 平等度量。当我们在区域与国家规模的生物多样性设定生物多样性目标时，我们发现忽略不计的差异。相反，当被认为是最小化的成本时，对行业的前瞻性影响在情景中具有高度不同，并偏离了位于孤立的行业或其他行业的行业的保护。我们建议通过识别国家意义，跨界地，需要各国之间的跨界区域以及对海事行业的影响要求仔细审议生物多样性保护和社会经济目标之间的权衡的地区的国家意义。

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