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首页> 外文期刊>Crop & Pasture Science >Breeding for improved blanchability in peanut: phenotyping, genotype x environment interaction and selection
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Breeding for improved blanchability in peanut: phenotyping, genotype x environment interaction and selection

机译：改善花生的融合性：表型，基因型X环境互动与选择

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Breeding for improved blanchabilitythe propensity of the testa (skin) to be removed from the kernel following rapid heat treatmentis a priority for improvement in the Australian Peanut Breeding Program (APBP). Easy removal of the testa by blanching is required for processing of peanuts into peanut butter and various other confectionary products. Thus, blanchability is an economically important trait in any newly released cultivar in Australia. A better understanding of the range of genetic variation, nature of inheritance and genotypexenvironment (GxE) interactions, and the development of a low-cost method to phenotype in early generations, could speed up breeding for this trait. Studies were conducted to develop a low-cost, rapid method utilising minimal amounts of seed to phenotype in early generations, along with an assessment of GxE interactions over a range of years and environments to derive optimal selection protocols. Use of a smaller kernel sample size than standard (50 vs 200g) was effective for accurately assessing blanchability in breeding lines and could allow selection in early generations (e.g. in seed produced from a single F-2 plant where seed supply is adequate). GxE interaction for blanchability was shown to be very low. Genotypic variance explained 62-100% of the total variance for blanchability, assessed in two diverse germplasm pools including 107 accessions in the USA mini-core over three environments and multiple APBP breeding lines grown over nine different years-environments. Genotypic correlations between all environments were very high (0.60-0.96), with heritability for the blanchability trait estimated to be very high (0.74-0.97) across the 13 trials. The results clearly demonstrate that effective selection for improved blanchability can be conducted in early generations and in a limited number of contrasting environments to ensure consistency of results.
机译：在快速热处理后，改善漂白化的育种（皮肤）的倾向从内核中除去亚核，优先级澳大利亚花生育种计划（APBP）。需要轻松地通过烫伤移除测试，以便将花生加工成花生酱和各种其他糖果产品。因此，漂白性是澳大利亚任何新释放品种的经济上重要的特质。更好地了解遗传变异，遗传和基因型Xen环境（GXE）相互作用的性质，以及早期几代表型的低成本方法的开发，可以加速这种特征的育种。进行研究以开发利用早期种子的最小种子对表型的低成本，快速的方法，以及在一系列多年来和环境中进行GXE相互作用的评估，以推导出最佳选择协议。使用比标准标准（50 Vs 200g）的粒子样本大小的使用对于准确地评估育种线中的漂白性，并且可以允许早期的选择（例如，在种子供应足够的单个F-2植物中产生的种子中的种子。漂白化的GXE相互作用被认为非常低。基因型方差解释了漂白性总方差的62-100％，在两个不同的种质池中评估，包括美国迷你核的107种型号，超过三种环境，以及在九个不同年份的环境中生长的多个APBP育种线。所有环境之间的基因型相关性非常高（0.60-0.96），可遗传性估计在13项试验中估计非常高（0.74-0.97）。结果清楚地表明，可以在早期几代和有限数量的对比环境中进行有效选择，以确保结果的一致性。

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