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首页> 外文期刊>Current directions in psychological science: a journal of the American Psychological Society >Culture Reveals a Flexible System for Face Processing
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Culture Reveals a Flexible System for Face Processing

机译：文化揭示了脸部处理的灵活系统

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The human face transmits a wealth of signals that readily provide crucial information for social interactions, such as facial identity and emotional expression. Nonetheless, a fundamental question remains debated: Is face processing governed by universal perceptual processes? It has long been presumed that this is the case. However, over the past decade, our work at the Eye and Brain Mapping Laboratory has called into question this widely held assumption. We have investigated the eye movements of Western and Eastern observers across various face-processing tasks to determine the effect of culture on perceptual processing. Commonalities aside, we found that Westerners distribute local fixations across the eye and mouth regions, whereas Easterners preferentially deploy central, global fixations during face recognition. Moreover, during the recognition of facial expressions of emotion, Westerners fixate the mouth relatively more to discriminate across expressions, whereas Easterners favor the eye region. Both observations demonstrate that the face system relies on different strategies to perform a range of socially relevant face-processing tasks with comparable levels of efficiency. Overall, these cultural perceptual biases challenge the view that the processes dedicated to face processing are universal, favoring instead the existence of distinct, flexible strategies. The way humans perceive the world and process faces is determined by experience and environmental factors.
机译：人类脸部传递大量信号，即容易提供社会互动的重要信息，例如面部身份和情绪表达。尽管如此，基本问题仍然辩论：面对普遍感知程序的脸部处理吗？它已经推定了这就是这种情况。然而，在过去十年中，我们在眼睛和大脑映射实验室的工作已经呼吁这种广泛持有的假设。我们已经调查了西部和东部观察者的眼球运动，跨各种面部处理任务来确定文化对感知处理的影响。除了常见之外，我们发现西方人在眼睛和口腔区域分布局部固定，而东方人优先部署在面部识别期间的中心，全球固定。而且，在识别情绪的面部表情中，西方人在表达式中相对识别口腔，而东方人有利于眼部地区。两者的观察结果表明，面部系统依赖于不同的策略，以执行具有相当效率水平的社会相关的面部处理任务。总体而言，这些文化感知偏见挑战了致力于面对处理的过程是普遍的，倾向于存在明显，灵活的策略。人类感知世界和过程面临的方式由经验和环境因素决定。

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