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Neural and genetic basis of dexterous hand movements

机译：灵巧手动运动的神经和遗传基础

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An ability to control dexterous hand movements is considered to parallel the evolutionary development of the corticospinal tract and the appearance of direct connections between corticospinal neurons and motoneurons (the corticomotoneuronal (CM) pathway), which developed uniquely in higher primates. However, recent studies have revealed that some non-primate animal species have higher levels of dexterity than previously supposed, and in higher primates, various indirect non-CM descending pathways have been shown to participate in the control of dexterous movements. More recently, the CM pathway was shown to exist in rodents during early development, suggesting that rodents and primates diverged in their reliance on the CM pathway at some point in evolution, thus challenging the traditional view of the sequential development of hand control from rodents to primates.
机译：控制灵巧的手动运动的能力被认为是平行于皮质脊髓椎间盘的进化发展和皮质椎间膜神经元和运动神经元（CORICOMORONOW（CM）途径之间的直接连接的外观，其在高等灵长类动物中唯一地发展。 然而，最近的研究表明，一些非灵长类动物物种具有比以前所认为的更高水平的灵活性，并且在更高的灵长类动物中，已经显示各种间接非CM下降途径参与控制灵巧运动。 最近，在早期发育期间，CM途径显示在啮齿动物中存在，表明啮齿动物和灵长类动物在进化中的某个点依赖于CM途径，从而挑战了从啮齿动物的手持手动控制的传统观点 灵长类动物。

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