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How do microRNAs affect vascular smooth muscle cell biology?

机译:MicroRNA如何影响血管平滑肌细胞生物学?

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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Control of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotype is essential in the development and maintenance of a healthy vasculature. Acquisition of a synthetic, proproliferative phenotype by VSMCs following vascular insult is central to neointimal formation and the development of vascular pathology. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are relatively recently discovered negative regulators of gene expression and act at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs have the potential to control VSMC phenotype. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how miRNAs influence VSMC biology and acute vascular pathology. RECENT FINDINGS: MiRNAs play an important role in the gene regulation by growth factors and downstream transcription factors involved in VSMC phenotypic control and deregulation. Recent studies have revealed miRNAs that are involved in VSMC regulation and further identified several target genes which are implicated in VSMC pathobiology, highlighting new disease mechanisms. Paracrine miRNA-regulated crosstalk between endothelial and VSMCs has also been demonstrated, revealing a novel mechanism through which vascular cells communicate in health and disease. SUMMARY: MiRNAs appear to play a major role in the capability of VSMCs to phenotypically switch from a contractile to a synthetic state. Altering miRNA expression levels can prevent and even reverse the acquisition of VSMC synthetic phenotype in vivo and reduce neointimal formation, thereby implicating miRNAs as exciting future therapeutic targets for vascular proliferative disease.
机译:审查目的:控制血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)表型在健康脉管系统的开发和维护方面至关重要。血管损伤后VSMC采集合成的促成表型是内部形成的核心和血管病理学的发展。 MicroRNAS(miRNA)相对近最近发现了基因表达的负调节剂,并在转录后水平作用。 miRNA有可能控制VSMC表型。在本次审查中,我们讨论了MiRNA如何影响VSMC生物学和急性血管病理学的最新结果。最近的发现:miRNA在VSMC表型对照和放松管制中参与的生长因子和下游转录因子中发挥着重要作用。最近的研究揭示了参与VSMC调节的miRNA,并进一步确定了几种涉及VSMC病理生理学的靶基因,突出了新的疾病机制。还证明了内皮和VSMC之间的旁静脉MiRNA调节串扰,揭示了一种新的机制,血管细胞在健康和疾病中沟通。摘要:MIRNAS似乎在VSMC的能力中发挥了重要作用,从收缩到合成状态的表型切换。改变miRNA表达水平可以预防甚至逆转体内VSMC合成表型的获取,降低新内膜形成,从而将MIRNA视为激动的未来治疗血管增殖疾病的治疗靶标。

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