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Biomaterials and design in occlusion devices for cardiac defects: A review

机译:心脏缺损闭塞装置的生物材料和设计:综述

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This review examines the biomaterials used in occlusion devices for cardiac defects, and how the choice of these materials is dictated by design. Specifically, the devices used in three major applications, the atrial septal defect, the ventricular septal defect and the patent ductus arteriosus, are examined critically. A number of different devices are available, with varied performance in deployment and sealing. There is no device in any of the three categories that satisfies fully the range of requirements, and all have associated complications. The type and rate of complications are different among different devices. The short-term (immediate) complications are addressed by immediate retrieval. For longer-term complications, most of which can be fatal, currently only surgical retrieval and replacement are possible. Most of these longer-term complications can be alleviated by the use of fully degradable devices, which will eliminate concerns regarding the use of metals inside the heart, and if fully endothelialized, also minimize migration concerns. On the other hand, the lower moduli of currently available biodegradable materials need to be augmented. Improvements in the stiffness required for deployment can be accomplished with the use of fillers, nano- or micro-sized, and an example of this are radiopaque fillers.
机译:该综述检查用于心脏缺陷的闭塞装置中使用的生物材料,以及如何选择这些材料的选择。具体地,在三个主要应用中使用的装置,间隔隔膜缺损,心室隔膜缺损和专利导管术,均可统治地检查。有许多不同的设备可用,在部署和密封方面具有各种性能。在满足需求范围的三个类别中的任何一个中没有任何一种设备,并且所有这些都具有相关的并发症。不同设备之间的复杂类型和速率不同。短期(即时)并发症通过立即检索来解决。对于长期并发症,大多数可能是致命的,目前只有手术检索和更换是可能的。这些长期并发症中的大部分都可以通过使用完全可降解的装置来缓解,这将消除关于在心脏内使用金属的担忧,如果完全内皮化,也最大限度地减少了迁移问题。另一方面,需要增强现有可获得的可生物降解材料的较低模量。可以通过使用填料,纳米或微尺寸来实现展开所需的刚度的改进,并且是含量的一个例子。

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