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STAT3 in cancer: A double edged sword

机译：癌症中的stat3：双刃剑

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Highlights ? STAT3 can behave both as an oncogene and an oncosuppressor. ? Activation by many signals and heterogeneous target genes can explain this feature. ? Specific post-translational modifications dictate different cellular localization. ? These activities contribute to regulate energy metabolism and autophagy. ? Finally, STAT3 controls the properties of both the tumor and its microenvironment. Abstract The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 is activated downstream of cytokines, growth factors and oncogenes to mediate their functions under both physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, aberrant/unrestrained STAT3 activity is detected in a wide variety of tumors, driving multiple pro-oncogenic functions. For that, STAT3 is widely considered as an oncogene and is the object of intense translational studies. One of the distinctive features of this factor is however, its ability to elicit different and sometimes contrasting effects under different conditions. In particular, STAT3 activities have been shown to be either pro-oncogenic or tumor-suppressive according to the tumor aetiology/mutational landscape, suggesting that the molecular bases underlining its functions are still incompletely understood. Here we discuss some of the properties that may provide the bases to explain STAT3 heterogeneous functions, and in particular how post-translational modifications contribute shaping its sub-cellular localization and activities, the cross talk between these activities and cell metabolic conditions, and finally how its functions can control the behaviour of both tumor and tumor microenvironment cell populations.
机译：强调 ？ STAT3可以表现为癌基因和onCOSUP压缩机。还许多信号和异构目标基因的激活可以解释该特征。还特定的翻译后修改决定了不同的蜂窝定位。还这些活动有助于调节能量新陈代谢和自噬。还最后，STAT3控制肿瘤及其微环境的性质。摘要转录因子信号传感器和转录激活剂（统计数据）3在细胞因子，生长因子和癌症的下游被激活，以在生理和病理条件下介导其功能。特别地，在各种肿瘤中检测到异常/无拘束的STAT3活性，驱动多种促进功能。为此，STAT3被广泛认为是癌症，并且是强烈翻译研究的对象。然而，这个因素的一个独特特征是它在不同条件下引出不同和有时对比效果的能力。特别地，根据肿瘤抑制性/突发景观表明，STAT3活性已被证明是促致癌或肿瘤抑制，表明强调其功能的分子碱仍然不完全理解。在这里，我们讨论了一些可以提供基础来解释STAT3异构功能的属性，特别是翻译后修改如何贡献其子蜂窝本地化和活动，这些活动与细胞代谢条件之间的跨谈，最后其功能可以控制肿瘤和肿瘤微环境细胞群的行为。

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