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The role of surface diffusion in the growth mechanism of triosephosphate isomerase crystals

机译：表面扩散在磷酸三糖异构酶晶体生长机理中的作用

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In the protein crystallization process, a growth unit has two possible molecular pathways it can follow from solution to the crystal bulk, namely, the process of direct incorporation from solution or the process of surface diffusion preceded by surface adsorption. We use real time in situ atomic force microscopy to monitor the molecular processes that govern the crystallization of the protein triosephosphate isomerase. With this technique, we study the step edge dynamics on a molecular scale. We conclude that step reorganization as a result of line diffusion has a negligible effect on step dynamics. Therefore, step displacements are attributed to the exchange of growth units with the surrounding phases, i.e., the terrace and the solution. Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) tetramers are identified to be. the dominating growth units. From the statistics of molecular attachment and detachment from the step, we conclude that the incorporation of growth units occurs through surface diffusion. Additionally, in the tested supersaturation range, normal growth is dominated by the two-dimensional nucleation of triangular islands. The step edges of these islands have equal step formation energy.
机译：在蛋白质结晶过程中，生长单元具有从溶液到晶体块的两个可能的分子途径，即从溶液直接掺入的过程或表面吸附之前的表面扩散过程。我们使用实时原位原子力显微镜来监测控制蛋白质磷酸甘油糖异构酶结晶的分子过程。通过这种技术，我们可以在分子尺度上研究台阶边缘动力学。我们得出结论，由于线扩散而导致的步重组对步动力学的影响可以忽略不计。因此，阶跃位移归因于生长单元与周围相（平台和溶液）的交换。磷酸三糖异构酶（TIM）四聚体被确定为。主要的增长单位。从该步骤的分子附着和脱离的统计数据，我们得出结论，生长单元的结合是通过表面扩散发生的。此外，在测试的过饱和范围内，正常增长主要由三角岛的二维成核作用决定。这些岛的台阶边缘具有相等的台阶形成能。

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