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Experimental Demonstration for the Morphological Evolution of Crystals Grown in Gel Media

机译:凝胶介质中生长晶体的形态演化的实验演示

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摘要

The morphological evolution of the inorganic crystals (Ba(NO_3)_2, NH_4Cl, H_3BO_3, and K_2Cr_2O_7) was demonstrated in various kinds of organic gel media (agar, gelatin, pectin, and poly (vinyl alcohol)). As the gel density increased, the morphology grown in the gel matrix remarkably changed from polyhedral single crystals exhibiting specific habits into dendritic forms consisting of irregularly branched polycrystalline aggregates regardless of the sorts of inorganic compounds and gelling agents. The evolution from polyhedrons into dendrites via skeletal forms is ascribed to an increase in the influence of diffusion of the solutes on the crystal growth. Since gel media generally suppress the mobility of ions, densification of the media decreased the apparent diffusion rate of the solutes and finally promoted the formation of diffusion-limited morphologies including skeletal, dendritic, and branched forms. Peculiar curved and helical branches were observed in dendrites with crystals having a triclinic system (H_3BO_3 and K_2Cr_2O_7) because the connections of subunits were deviated in the polycrystalline aggregates.
机译:在各种有机凝胶介质(琼脂,明胶,果胶和聚乙烯醇)中证明了无机晶体(Ba(NO_3)_2,NH_4Cl,H_3BO_3和K_2Cr_2O_7)的形态演变。随着凝胶密度的增加,在凝胶基质中生长的形态显着地从具有特定习性的多面体单晶变为由不规则支链的多晶聚集体组成的树枝状晶体,而与无机化合物和胶凝剂的种类无关。从多面体通过骨架形式向树突的演化归因于溶质扩散对晶体生长的影响增加。由于凝胶介质通常会抑制离子的迁移,因此介质的致密化会降低溶质的表观扩散速率,并最终促进形成扩散受限的形态,包括骨架,树枝状和分支状。在具有三斜晶系晶体(H_3BO_3和K_2Cr_2O_7)的树枝状晶体中观察到奇特的弯曲和螺旋分支,因为在多晶聚集体中亚基的连接发生了偏离。

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