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In situ monitoring of the impact of liquid-liquid phase separation on drug crystallization by seeding

机译：原位监测晶种液液相分离对药物结晶的影响

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摘要

In a previous paper (Veesler, S.; Lafferrere, L.; Garcia, E.; Hoff, C. Org. Proc. Res. Dev. 2003, 7, 983), the impact of a liquid-liquid-phase separation (LLPS) or demixing on solution crystallization in quiescent medium of a pharmaceutical compound, C35H41C12N3O2, in an ethanol/water mixture was presented. In this contribution, drug crystallization experiments by seeding are monitored by in situ turbidity, focused beam reflectance measurement, and video microscopy. Two cases are studied: in the first case for seeding experiments in the metastable zone for nucleation and outside the demixion zone we observe the classical secondary nucleation and growth mechanism. In the second case for seeding experiments in the demixion zone, the first stage is the growth of crystals as well as the growth and coalescence of droplets; in the second stage crystals and droplets are still growing and droplet heterogeneous nucleation occurs; and in the last stage, droplets disappear and the secondary nucleation starts. LLPS changes the medium and the conditions of crystallization, prevents the drug nucleation, both primary and secondary, and consequently affects the process. Depending on the point of seeding in the phase diagram, inside or outside the LLPS region, the crystallization mechanisms and kinetics are different.
机译：在以前的论文中（Veesler，S .; Lafferrere，L .; Garcia，E .; Hoff，C.Org.Proc.Res.Dev.2003，7，983），液-液相分离的影响（提出了在乙醇/水混合物中药物化合物C35H41C12N3O2在静态介质中的溶液结晶中分离的方法。在这种贡献中，通过原位浊度，聚焦束反射率测量和视频显微镜对通过播种进行的药物结晶实验进行监测。研究了两种情况：在第一种情况下，在亚稳区进行成核并在分离区之外进行播种实验，我们观察到经典的次级成核和生长机理。在第二种情况下，在混合区进行播种实验，第一步是晶体的生长以及液滴的生长和聚结。在第二阶段，晶体和液滴仍在生长，并且发生液滴异质成核。在最后阶段，液滴消失，开始二次成核。 LLPS改变了培养基和结晶条件，阻止了药物的初次和二次成核，从而影响了过程。根据相图中晶种的点，在LLPS区域的内部或外部，结晶机理和动力学是不同的。

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