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Clinical implications of mast cell involvement in allergic conjunctivitis

机译：肥大细胞涉及过敏性结膜炎的临床意义

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Abstract The conjunctiva is a common site for the allergic inflammatory response due to it being highly vascularized, having constant exposure to environmental pollutants and allergenic pollens and having a unique conjunctival associated lymphoid tissue. The primary morbidity of anterior surface conjunctival disorders that include allergic conjunctivitis and tear film disorders is associated with its high frequency of involvement rather than its severity, although the more chronic forms can involve the cornea and lead to sight‐threatening conditions. Ocular allergy is associated with IgE‐mediated mast cell activation in conjunctival tissue leading to the release of preformed mediators including histamine and proteases and subsequent de novo formation of lipid‐derived mediators and cytokines that trigger a cascade of cellular and molecular events leading to extensive migration and infiltration of inflammatory cells to the ocular surface. The trafficking of neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes to the ocular surface is due to establishing various chemokine gradients (mainly CCL 11, CCL 24, CCL 5, MCP ‐3, and MCP ‐4), cell surface expression of adhesion molecules (such as VCAM ‐1 the ligand for VLA ‐4), and leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium. The release of preformed mediators underlies the acute ocular surface response while the secondary influx of inflammatory cells leading to the recruitment and activation of eosinophils and the subsequent activation of Th2 and Th1 lymphocytes at the level of the conjunctiva reflects the late‐phase reaction.
机译：摘要结膜是由于其高度血管化的过敏性炎症反应的常见遗址，其具有恒定的环境污染物和过敏性粉，并且具有独特的结膜相关淋巴组织。包括过敏性结膜炎和泪膜紊乱的前表面结膜疾病的主要发病率与其高频率的受累而不是其严重程度相关，尽管慢性形式涉及角膜并导致威胁威胁的条件。眼过敏与IgE介导的肥大细胞活化有关的结膜组织，导致预制介质的释放，包括组胺和蛋白酶，以及随后的脂质衍生的介质和细胞因子，触发细胞级联和分子事件的细胞因子，导致广泛的迁移并渗透炎症细胞到眼表面。贩运中性粒细胞，嗜酸性粒细胞和淋巴细胞到眼表面是由于建立了各种趋化因子梯度（主要是CCl 11，CCl 24，CCl 5，MCP -3和MCP -4），粘附分子的细胞表面表达（例如VCAM -1 VLA -4的配体，以及对血管内皮的白细胞粘附。释放预制介质的介质下潜，同时炎症细胞的二次流入导致嗜酸性粒细胞的炎性细胞和随后激活结膜水平的Th2和Th1淋巴细胞的次级涌入反映了后期反应。

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