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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Epidemiology >Risk Factors for Bites and Diseases Associated With Black-Legged Ticks: A Meta-Analysis
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Risk Factors for Bites and Diseases Associated With Black-Legged Ticks: A Meta-Analysis

机译：与黑腿蜱相关的叮咬和疾病的危险因素：Meta分析

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摘要

The emergence and spread of Lyme disease and other infections associated with black-legged ticks is causing a public health crisis. No human vaccines are currently available, and both diagnosis and treatment are sometimes ineffectual, leading to advocacy for self-directed preventative measures. These recommendations are widely communicated to the public, but there is limited evidence for their efficacy. We undertook a systematic review and mixed-effects meta-regression analysis of factors purported to increase or decrease risk of black-legged tick bites and tick-borne disease. Published articles used in the study spanned the years 1984-2018. Variables associated with increased probability of tick-borne disease, with odds ratios significantly greater than 1, included deer abundance, high density of nymph-stage black-legged ticks, landscapes with interspersed herbaceous and forested habitat, low human population density, gardens, cat ownership, and race. Contrary to recommendations, use of landscape-related tick control measures, such as clearing brush, trimming branches, and having a dry barrier between lawn and woods, tended to increase risk. Pet ownership increased bite risk. Bite risk was highest for children aged 5 years or less, with a secondary peak in persons aged 50-70 years. Although some widely disseminated recommendations are supported by the research analyzed, others require further evaluation. Additional research is also needed to understand the mechanisms underlying significant relationships.
机译：莱姆病的出现和传播与黑腿蜱相关的其他感染导致公共卫生危机。没有人类疫苗目前可用，诊断和治疗有时是无效的，导致自主预防措施的宣传。这些建议被广泛传播到公众，但有限的证据表明他们的疗效有限。我们进行了系统审查和混合效应元回归分析，因素旨在增加或减少黑腿蜱叮咬和蜱传疾病的风险。 1984 - 2018年的研究中使用的已发表的文章跨越。与蜱传疾病的概率增加相关的变量，具有明显大于1，包括鹿丰富，高密度的若虫黑腿蜱，景观与草本植物和森林栖息地，低人口密度，花园，猫所有权和比赛。与建议相反，使用景观相关的蜱控制措施，如清除刷，修剪分支，以及在草坪和树林之间具有干燥的屏障，往往增加风险。宠物所有权增加了咬伤风险。 5岁或更短时间的儿童的叮咬风险最高，50-70岁的人中的次要峰。虽然研究分析了一些广泛传播的建议，但其他人需要进一步评估。还需要额外的研究来了解基本关系的机制。

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