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Does the trading of water rights encourage technology improvement and agricultural water conservation?

机译：水权贸易是否鼓励技术改善和农业保育？

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摘要

Although agricultural irrigation technology in China has been steadily improved for decades, the realized water conservation in the agricultural sector is not as good as expected. This paper examines whether water rights trading can encourage agricultural water conservation through technology improvement. Our fixed effects model specification confirms that water rights trading has a moderation effect on agricultural water conservation via technology improvement. We further identify that the moderation effect is driven by two forces which we label as the "revenue-driven" effect and "industrial water pressure-driven" effect. In general, the revenue effect drives farmers to improve the technology. However, the pressure from industrial water demand has more pronounced effects than the revenue-driven channel. Under the dual pressure of high industrial water consumption and low water endowment, farmers tend actively promote irrigation technology and reduce agricultural water use even if there is no revenue-driven effects. In addition, this paper reveals the existence of bottleneck on the moderated technology improvement, due to the reduced capacity on water rights supply in the agricultural sector.
机译：虽然中国农业灌溉技术几十年来稳步提高，但农业部门的实现水资源不如预期。本文审查了水权交易是否可以通过技术改进鼓励农业水资源保护。我们的固定效果模型规范证实，水资源贸易通过技术改进对农用水利进行了适度影响。我们进一步确定了促进效应由两种力量驱动，我们标记为“收入驱动”效应和“工业水压驱动”效应。一般而言，收入效应驱动农民改善该技术。然而，来自工业用水需求的压力比收入驱动的渠道更明显。在高工业用水量和低水禀赋的双重压力下，农民倾向于积极促进灌溉技术，降低农业用水即使没有收入驱动的效果。此外，本文揭示了由于农业部门水源供应量减少的瓶颈对瓶颈的存在。

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