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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Water Management >Straw mulch and irrigation affect solute potential and sunflower yield in a heavy textured soil in the Ganges Delta
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Straw mulch and irrigation affect solute potential and sunflower yield in a heavy textured soil in the Ganges Delta

机译：秸秆覆盖物和灌溉在恒河三角洲沉重的织地不细土壤中影响溶质潜力和向日葵产量

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摘要

Since soil water depletion and salinity are major constraints for crop production, rice straw mulch could be beneficial for increasing yield and water productivity due to its role in conserving soil water and decreasing soil salinity. Two field experiments were conducted on a saline, silty clay soil to determine the effects of mulch and irrigation on the dynamics of soil water content and soil salinity, and on the growth and yield of sunflower sown by strip planting. In 2017, the mulching treatments were: no mulch (NM), rice straw mulch (RS) and retaining 15-20% of the crop residue of the previous rice crop (RR). In 2018 three irrigation treatments: one (I-1), two (I-2) and three irrigation events (I-3), and two mulching treatments (NM and RS) were tested. In both years, the average gravimetric soil water content (SWC) was higher and topsoil salinity (EC1:5) was lower under RS treatment at 0-7 and 7-15 cm depth than with the NM treatment. The substantially higher solute potential of the soil solution in the surface soil with the RS treatment at 0-7 and 7-15 cm (-644 and -588 kPa in 2017, and -649 and -558 kPa in 2018) than with NM treatment (-925 and -728 kPa in 2017, and -801 and -641 kPa in 2018) was associated with increased grain yield (2.7 and 2.5 t ha(-1) in 2017 and 2018, respectively). In the second year, the increasing number of irrigation events also increased yield, but the effects were additive to those of mulch. We conclude that the application of a rice straw mulch to the surface of saline-clay soils under strip planting can increase the solute potential of the soil solution thereby improving the growth and yield of sunflower.
机译：由于土壤水耗水和盐度是作物产量的主要限制，因此由于其在节约土壤水中和降低土壤盐度下，稻草覆盖物可能有利于提高产量和水生产率。在盐水，粉质粘土土壤中进行了两个现场实验，以确定覆盖物和灌溉对土壤含水量和土壤盐度动态的影响，以及剥离种植播种的向日葵的生长和产量。 2017年，覆盖物治疗是：没有覆盖物（NM），稻草覆盖物（RS），并保留前一米作物（RR）的庄稼残留物的15-20％。 2018年三次灌溉治疗方法：测试了一种（I-1），两（I-2）和三种灌溉事件（I-3）和两个覆盖处理（NM和RS）。在这两年中，平均重量水含量（SWC）较高，在0-7和7-15cm深度的RS处理下较高，盐度（EC1：5）低于NM处理。在0-7和7-15厘米的RS处理的表面土壤中土壤溶液的基本上更高的溶质潜力（2017年，2018年 - 649和-549 kPa和-649和-558 kPa）比NM治疗（2017年 - 2018年-925和-728 KPA和-801和-641 KPA）与2017年和2018年的粮食产量增加（2.7和2.5吨（-1）。在第二年，灌溉事件的越来越多的产量也增加，但覆盖物的效果是添加剂。我们得出结论，在条带种植下施加稻草覆盖物到盐渍土壤表面的表面可以增加土壤溶液的溶质潜力，从而提高了向日葵的生长和产量。

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