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首页> 外文期刊>Agricultural Water Management >Long-term effects of rainwater conservation measure on improving yield, runoff use efficiency and soil properties of horti-pastoral system on the degraded ravine lands of India
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Long-term effects of rainwater conservation measure on improving yield, runoff use efficiency and soil properties of horti-pastoral system on the degraded ravine lands of India

机译：雨水保护措施对提高产量，径流利用效率及土壤特性对印度退化乌兰地区产量，径流利用效率及土壤特性的长期影响

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摘要

Ravine lands are known for network of gullies and worst form of terrain deformation. These lands are often causes high runoff (11-22 % of monsoon season rainfall), severe soil erosion (4-20 Mg ha(-1)) and poor crop productivity. Low acceptance of cost-intensive conservation measures (e.g., levelling and terracing) in ravine lands system necessitates for developing low-cost conservation technologies like trenching. A long-term field experiment (2004-2014) was conducted to evaluate the impacts of staggered contour trenching (SCT) densities coupled with horti-pastoral system on various attributes of degraded ravine lands. The experimental setup was consist of four treatments: (i) control mini-watershed without trench (W-c), (ii) mini-watershed treated with 139 trenches ha(-1) (W-T1), (3) mini-watershed treated with 278 trenches ha(-1) (W-T2), and (4) mini-watershed treated with 417 trenches ha(-1 )(W-T3). Results indicated that the yields of Phylanthus emblica fruit, Cenchrus ciliaris grass, and Dendrocalamus strictus were found to be the highest in W-T3 over W-c by 126.3, 28.9 and 86.9 %, respectively with B:C ratio of 1:3.05. However, corresponding yield increase in WT2 over W e was 50.0, 21.9 and 35.4 %, respectively with B:C ratio of 1:2.53. W-T1 registered the lowest increase. The highest effective rainfall use efficiency was recorded in W-T3 (47.5 %) followed by W-T2 (17.1 %) and W-T1 (7.5 %) over W. The post-treatment values of hydraulic conductivity and sorptivity at table tops and gully beds of the control and treatment mini-watersheds were increased 1.6-2.6 and 1.3-1.6 times compared to pre-treatment values, respectively. The post-treatment values of the soil organic carbon was increased 0.8-2.2 folds than the pre-treatment values. Available-N, -P and -K content of the post-treatment at table tops and gully beds was also significantly increased by 18.3-25.5, 5.6-20.9 and 2.6-17.4 %, respectively. Overall, results highlighted that the SCT density of 417 trenches ha(-1) was the best conservation practices under horti-pastoral land use system. However, the optimum and economical SCT density was found to be 375 trenches ha(-1) by optimizing the net-profit per unit cost of the system. The findings of this study will be helpful to watershed managers and policy makers to reclaim and improve the sustaining productivity of degraded ravine lands.
机译：乌龟土地以沟渠和最糟糕的地形变形而闻名。这些土地往往导致高径流（11-22％的季风季节降雨），严重的土壤侵蚀（4-20 mg HA（-1））和不良作物生产率。在山沟土地系统中低接受成本密集的保护措施（例如，平整和梯田）需要开发低成本保护技术，如挖沟。进行了一个长期的场实验（2004-2014），以评估交错的轮廓沟槽（SCT）密度与霍奇山地土地各个属性相结合的交错轮廓沟槽（SCT）密度的影响。实验设置由四种治疗组成：（i）无沟槽（WC）的迷你流域，（ii）用139沟（-1）（W-T1），（3）迷你流域处理的迷你流域用278沟（-1）（W-T2）和（4）迷你流域用417沟（-1）（W-T3）处理。结果表明，发现植物植物果实果实，枸杞子和树叶菌，术在W-T3中，以126.3,28.9和86.9％，分别具有B：3的比例为1：3.05。然而，WT2上的相应产量增加为50.0,21.9和35.4％，分别为B：C比为1：2.53。 W-T1注册了最低的增加。在W-T3（47.5％）之后，在W-T3（17.1％）和W-T1（7.5％）上的最高有效降雨用效率。桌上的液压导电性和吸附率的后处理值和与预处理值相比，控制和治疗迷你流域的沟壑床分别增加1.6-2.6和1.3-1.6倍。土壤有机碳的后处理值比预处理值增加0.8-2.2倍。桌面和沟壑床后处理的可用-N，-P和-K内容也显着增加18.3-25.5,5.6-20.9和2.6-17.4％。总体而言，结果强调，417沟槽HA（-1）的SCT密度是魔法陆地利用系统下的最佳保护实践。然而，发现最佳和经济的SCT密度通过优化系统的每单位成本的净利润，是375沟（-1）。本研究的调查结果将有助于流域管理者和决策者回收和提高降解山沟土地的持续生产力。

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