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Agent-Based hydro-economic modelling for analysis of groundwater-based irrigation Water Market mechanisms

机译：基于代理的水力 - 经济学模型，用于分析地下水灌溉水域市场机制

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摘要

Agricultural water markets play a crucial role in arid and semi-arid regions by reallocating water and transferring it from low-value uses to high-value uses. Several markets for surface water and groundwater are functioning all over the world to increase economic well-being of farmers and meet environmental flow requirements. However, there is not a consensus on precisely which market mechanism may be more environmentally and economically beneficial. This study presents an agent-based groundwater market model to analyze the economic and hydrologic impacts of three market mechanisms, designed based on the cap-and-trade scheme, that differ in the price discovery process, two of which are uniform price double-auction and the third is a discriminatory price double-auction. This study also analyzes the hydrologic and economic impacts of water buyback programs. Modeling results, applied to Rafsanjan Plain, an arid region in Iran, show that the discriminatory price double-auction is the most hydrologically and economically advantageous mechanism since it reduces the annual water level drawdown by 38 % and brings about more profits for farmers in comparison with other market mechanisms. Furthermore, the buyback program effectively reduces the inequality of wealth distribution (Gini Index) and increases farmers' net benefit while reducing their surplus.
机译：农业水域通过重新分配水并将其从低价用途转移到高价值使用，在干旱和半干旱地区发挥至关重要的作用。地表水和地下水的几个市场都在全球各地运作，以增加农民的经济福祉，满足环境流量要求。但是，恰恰在哪个市场机制可能更环境和经济上有益的共识。本研究提出了一种基于代理的地下水市场模型，分析了三个市场机制的经济和水文影响，根据帽子和贸易计划设计，在价格发现过程中有所不同，其中两种是统一价格双拍卖第三是歧视性价格双拍卖。本研究还分析了水回购计划的水文和经济影响。适用于伊朗干旱地区Rafsanjan平原的建模结果表明，歧视性价格双拍卖是最水文和经济的有利机制，因为它降低了38％的年度水平降低，并为农民带来了更多利润相比随着其他市场机制。此外，回购计划有效地降低了财富分配（GINI指数）的不平等，并增加了农民的净利润，同时降低了盈余。

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