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首页> 外文期刊>Annual Review of Public Health >Natural Experiments: An Overview of Methods, Approaches, and Contributions to Public Health Intervention Research
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Natural Experiments: An Overview of Methods, Approaches, and Contributions to Public Health Intervention Research

机译：自然实验：对公共卫生干预研究的方法，方法和贡献概述

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Population health interventions are essential to reduce health inequalities and tackle other public health priorities, but they are not always amenable to experimental manipulation. Natural experiment (NE) approaches are attracting growing interest as a way of providing evidence in such circumstances. One key challenge in evaluating NEs is selective exposure to the intervention. Studies should be based on a clear theoretical understanding of the processes that determine exposure. Even if the observed effects are large and rapidly follow implementation, confidence in attributing these effects to the intervention can be improved by carefully considering alternative explanations. Causal inference can be strengthened by including additional design features alongside the principal method of effect estimation. NE studies often rely on existing (including routinely collected) data. Investment in such data sources and the infrastructure for linking exposure and outcome data is essential if the potential for such studies to inform decision making is to be realized.
机译：人口卫生干预对于减少健康不平等并解决其他公共卫生优先事项至关重要，但它们并不总是适应实验操纵。自然实验（NE）方法是吸引日益增长的兴趣作为在这种情况下提供证据的方式。评估NE中的一个关键挑战是选择性地暴露于干预。研究应基于清晰的理论理解对确定暴露的过程。即使观察到的效果大而迅速遵循实施，也可以通过仔细考虑替代解释来改善将这些效果归因于干预的置信度。通过包括额外的效果估计方法，可以通过包括额外的设计特征来加强因果推理。 NE研究通常依赖于现有（包括常规收集）数据。如果要实现这些研究的潜力，可以实现这些数据来源的投资和联系暴露和结果数据的基础设施是必不可少的。

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