Evaluating the Health Impact of Large-Scale Public Policy Changes: Classical and Novel Approaches

Basu Sanjay; Meghani Ankita; Siddiqi Arjumand

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Evaluating the Health Impact of Large-Scale Public Policy Changes: Classical and Novel Approaches

机译：评估大规模公共政策变化的健康影响：古典和新的方法

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Large-scale public policy changes are often recommended to improve public health. Despite varying widely-from tobacco taxes to poverty-relief programs-such policies present a common dilemma to public health researchers: how to evaluate their health effects when randomized controlled trials are not possible. Here, we review the state of knowledge and experience of public health researchers who rigorously evaluate the health consequences of large-scale public policy changes. Weorganize our discussion by detailing approaches to address three common challenges of conducting policy evaluations: distinguishing a policy effect from time trends in health outcomes or preexisting differences between policy-affected and -unaffected communities (using difference-in-differences approaches); constructing a comparison population when a policy affects a population for whom a well-matched comparator is not immediately available (using propensity score or synthetic control approaches); and addressing unobserved confounders by utilizing quasi-random variations in policy exposure (using regression discontinuity, instrumental variables, or near-far matching approaches).

机译：通常建议改善公共卫生的大规模公共政策变化。尽管从贫困方案中广泛变化，但这些政策对公共卫生研究人员呈现出常见的困境：如何在不可能进行随机对照试验时评估其健康效果。在这里，我们审查了公共卫生研究人员的知识和经验状况，严格评估大规模公共政策变化的健康后果。通过详细说明涉及进行政策评估的三个共同挑战的方法来拓展我们的讨论：区分政策趋势的政策效应或政策影响和 - 不受关区社区之间的差异（使用差异差异方法）;当政策影响一个匹配良好的比较者的人口时，构建比较种群（使用倾向评分或合成控制方法）;通过利用策略曝光中的准随机变化（使用回归不连续，仪器变量或近距离匹配方法）来解决未观察的混乱。

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《Annual Review of Public Health》 |2017年第2017期|共20页
作者
Basu Sanjay; Meghani Ankita; Siddiqi Arjumand;
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作者单位

Stanford Univ Ctr Hlth Policy Primary Care &

Outcomes Res Stanford CA 94305 USA;

Stanford Univ Dept Med Stanford CA 94305 USA;

Univ Toronto Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Toronto ON M5T 3M7 Canada;

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正文语种 eng
中图分类预防医学、卫生学;
关键词
difference-in-differences; propensity score; synthetic controls; regression discontinuity; instrumental variables; near-far matching;

机译：差异差异;倾向得分;合成控制;回归不连续;仪器变量;近距离匹配;

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1. Evaluating the Health Impact of Large-Scale Public Policy Changes: Classical and Novel Approaches [J] . Basu Sanjay, Meghani Ankita, Siddiqi Arjumand Annual Review of Public Health . 2017,第期

机译：评估大规模公共政策变化的健康影响：古典和新的方法
2. Assessing public health policy approaches to level-up the gradient in health inequalities: the Gradient Evaluation Framework (vol 128, pg 246, 2014) [J] . Davies J. K., Sherriff N. S. Public health . 2016,第Null期

机译：评估公共卫生政策途径升级健康不等式的梯度：梯度评估框架（第128 Vol 128，PG 246,2014）
3. Assessing public health policy approaches to level-up the gradient in health inequalities: the Gradient Evaluation Framework. [J] . J K Davies, N S Sherriff Public health . 2014,第3期

机译：评估公共卫生政策方法以提高健康不平等的梯度：梯度评估框架。
4. Impacts of national health research policies on Public Health scientific production in Brazil (2003-2007): a couple of indicators [C] . Raimundo Nonato Macedo dos Santos, Cibele Araujo Camargo Marques dos Santos, Nair Yumiko Kobashi, ISSI 2011 . 2011

机译：国家卫生研究政策对巴西公共卫生科学生产的影响（2003-2007年）：几个指标
5. Evaluating impacts of air pollution in China on agriculture and public health: Implications for air pollution and energy policies [D] . Wang, Xiaoping 2004

机译：评估中国空气污染对农业和公共卫生的影响：对空气污染和能源政策的影响
6. Evaluating the Health Impact of Large-Scale Public Policy Changes: Classical and Novel Approaches [O] . Sanjay Basu, Ankita Meghani, Arjumand Siddiqi -1

机译：评估大规模公共政策变更对健康的影响：经典方法和新颖方法
7. Home > All Content > Vol 50, No 1 (2019) Exploring Research–Policy Partnerships in International Development Cover Page Edited by: James Georgalakis and Pauline Rose June 2019 Volume 50 Issue 1 This issue aims to identify how partnerships focused on the production of policy-engaged research seek to achieve societal impact and explores the challenges in these processes. The collaborations analysed span academia, civil society and government, from the grassroots to the national and global levels. By locating these examples within the broader debates on interactions between researchers and research users designed to strengthen evidence informed decision making, this publication offers concepts and practices to inform those funding, designing and undertaking development research. The featured case studies are explored through the perspectives of both researchers and their partners in civil society and policy. They are predominantly taken from a diverse portfolio of research projects funded through the UK’s Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) and the Department for International Development (DFID) Strategic Partnership. A collaboration with the Impact Initiative, this IDS Bulletin is essential reading for all those in research organisations, development agencies and donors committed to the better use of evidence and learning for development. Exploring Research–Policy Partnerships in International Development James Georgalakis, Pauline Rose DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.100 ABSTRACT FULL ISSUE PDF Foreword Diana Dalton DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.102 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Introduction: Identifying the Qualities of Research–Policy Partnerships in International Development – A New Analytical Framework James Georgalakis, Pauline Rose DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.103 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Rethinking Research Impact through Principles for Fair and Equitable Partnerships Kate Newman, Sowmyaa Bharadwaj, Jude Fransman DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.104 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Pathways to Impact: Insights from Research Partnerships in Uganda and India Rachel Hinton, Rona Bronwin, Laura Savage DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.105 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Exploring Partnerships between Academia and Disabled Persons’ Organisations: Lessons Learned from Collaborative Research in Africa Maria Kett, Mark T. Carew, John-Bosco Asiimwe, Richard Bwalya, Anderson Gitonga, Boakai A. Nyehn, Joyce Olenja, Leslie Swartz, Nora Groce DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.106 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Layered and Linking Research Partnerships: Learning from YOUR World Research in Ethiopia and Nepal Vicky Johnson, Anannia Admassu, Andrew Church, Jill Healey, Sujeeta Mathema DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.107 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Fundamental Challenges in Academic–Government Partnership in Conflict Research in the Pastoral Lowlands of Ethiopia Mercy Fekadu Mulugeta, Fana Gebresenbet, Yonas Tariku, Ekal Nettir DOI: 10.19088/1968-2019.108 ABSTRACT PDFONLINE ARTICLE Regional Research–Policy Partnerships for Health Equity and Inclusive Development: Reflections on Opportunities and Challenges from a Southern African Perspective [O] . Nicola Yeates, Themba Moeti, Mubita Luwabelwa 2019

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Evaluating the Health Impact of Large-Scale Public Policy Changes: Classical and Novel Approaches

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