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Particle Filters and Data Assimilation

机译:粒子过滤器和数据同化

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State-space models can be used to incorporate subject knowledge on the underlying dynamics of a time series by the introduction of a latent Markov state process. A user can specify the dynamics of this process together with how the state relates to partial and noisy observations that have been made. Inference and prediction then involve solving a challenging inverse problem: calculating the conditional distribution of quantities of interest given the observations. This article reviews Monte Carlo algorithms for solving this inverse problem, covering methods based on the particle filter and the ensemble Kalman filter. We discuss the challenges posed by models with high-dimensional states, joint estimation of parameters and the state, and inference for the history of the state process. We also point out some potential new developments that will be important for tackling cutting-edge filtering applications.
机译:状态空间模型可用于通过引入潜在的马尔可夫状态过程将主题知识纳入时间序列的底层动态。 用户可以将该过程的动态指定在一起以及状态如何与已经进行的部分和嘈杂的观察结果一起。 随后推断和预测涉及解决具有挑战性的逆问题:计算鉴于观察的感兴趣量的条件分布。 本文介绍了蒙特卡罗算法,用于解决该逆问题,涵盖基于粒子滤波器和集合卡尔曼滤波器的方法。 我们讨论了具有高维状态,参数的联合估计和状态的联合估计的挑战,以及国家流程历史的推断。 我们还指出了一些潜在的新发展,对解决尖端过滤应用很重要。

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