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Regulation of Division and Differentiation of Plant Stem Cells

机译:调节植物干细胞分裂与分化

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摘要

A major challenge in developmental biology is unraveling the precise regulation of plant stem cell maintenance and the transition to a fully differentiated cell. In this review, we highlight major themes coordinating the acquisition of cell identity and subsequent differentiation in plants. Plant cells are immobile and establish position-dependent cell lineages that rely heavily on external cues. Central players are the hormones auxin and cytokinin, which balance cell division and differentiation during organogenesis. Transcription factors and miRNAs, many of which are mobile in plants, establish gene regulatory networks that communicate cell position and fate. Small peptide signaling also provides positional cues as new cell types emerge from stem cell division and progress through differentiation. These pathways recruit similar players for patterning different organs, emphasizing the modular nature of gene regulatory networks. Finally, we speculate on the outstanding questions in the field and discuss how they may be addressed by emerging technologies.
机译:发展生物学中的一项重大挑战正在解开植物干细胞维持的精确调节和对完全分化的细胞的过渡。在这篇综述中,我们突出了协调植物中的细胞标识和随后分化的主要主题。植物细胞是不动的,并建立依赖于外部提示的位置依赖性细胞谱系。中央球员是激素毒素和细胞蛋白,其在子组织中平衡细胞分裂和分化。转录因子和miRNA,其中许多是植物中的移动性,建立通信细胞位置和命运的基因监管网络。小肽信号传导还提供位置线索,因为新细胞类型从干细胞分裂出现并通过分化进行。这些途径招募了类似的玩家,用于图案化不同的器官,强调基因监管网络的模块化性质。最后,我们推测了该领域的未突出问题,并讨论了新兴技术如何解决它们。

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