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The Principia's second law (as Newton understood it) from Galileo to Laplace

机译：普瑞基亚的第二律法（牛顿理解）从伽利略到拉普拉斯

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Newton certainly regarded his second law of motion in the Principia as a fundamental axiom of mechanics. Yet the works that came after the Principia, the major treatises on the foundations of mechanics in the eighteenth century-by Varignon, Hermann, Euler, Maclaurin, d'Alembert, Euler (again), Lagrange, and Laplace-do not record, cite, discuss, or even mention the Principia's statement of the second law.Nevertheless, the present study shows that all of these scientists do in fact assume the principle that the Principia's second law asserts as a fundamental axiom in their mechanics. (For what that second lawasserts, we rely on Newton's owntestimony.) Some, likeVarignon and Hermann, assume the axiom implicitly, apparently unaware that any assumption is being made, while others, like Maclaurin and Euler, assume the axiom explicitly, apparently unaware that the assertion assumed is the second law as Newton himself understood it. But in every case these scientists employ the principle asserted by the Principia's second law fundamentally, unaware that they should be citing Neutonus, Prin., Phil. Nat. Math., Lex II.
机译：牛顿肯定认为他的第二次议案法则是力学的基本公理。然而，在普林尼亚岛后来的作品，由varignon，赫尔曼，欧拉，麦克劳尔林，d'albermant，euler（再次），拉格朗日和laplace - 不要录制，引用，讨论甚至提及普瑞基亚对第二项法律的陈述。无论如何，本研究表明，所有这些科学家实际上都认为原则是普瑞亚第二法律在其力学中作为基本公理的原则。 （对于那个第二个Lawasserts，我们依靠牛顿的Owntestimony。）一些，Likevarignon和Hermann隐含地假设公理，显然不知道任何假设，而其他人像Maclaurin和Euler一样明确地假设公理，显然是不知道的假定的断言是第二律法，因为牛顿本人理解它。但在每种情况下，这些科学家的原则都采用了普林尼亚岛第二法的原则，根本不知道，他们应该引用中微子，普林斯。，菲尔。 NAT。数学。，Lex II。

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