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Genetic susceptibility to cutaneous radiation injury

机译:皮肤辐射损伤的遗传易感性

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摘要

The use of ionizing radiation is critical to cancer treatment and fluoroscopic procedures. However, despite efforts to minimize total radiation dose, many patients experience toxic cutaneous side-effects of ionizing radiation, ranging from mild erythema to subcutaneous fibrosis, telangiectasia formation, and ulceration. Extent of injury is highly variable among patients. Studying the genetic determinants of radiation injury can help develop protocols to reduce radiation toxicity, as well as drive research into effective modulators of the genes and gene products associated with radiation injury. Many studies in the past two decades have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms that may be associated with susceptibility to cutaneous radiation injury, such as those in genes related to the following cellular responses to ionizing radiation: inflammation, DNA repair, oxidation and stress response, and cell-cycle and apoptosis. This review summarizes the current literature on potential major genes and polymorphisms, in the previously described damage response pathways, that are involved in susceptibility to cutaneous radiation injury. Potential pitfalls of current research and further avenues of discovery will be explored.
机译:电离辐射的使用对癌症治疗和荧光透视方法至关重要。然而,尽管努力最大限度地减少辐射剂量,但许多患者体验了电离辐射的有毒皮肤副作用,从轻度红斑到皮下纤维化,毛细血管肌肤形成和溃疡。患者之间损伤程度是高度可变的。研究放射性损伤的遗传决定簇可以帮助开发减少辐射毒性的方案,以及将研究进入与放射损伤相关的基因和基因产物的有效调节剂。过去二十年的许多研究已经确定了可以与皮肤辐射损伤的易感性相关的单核苷酸多态性,例如与电离辐射的以下细胞反应有关的基因:炎症,DNA修复,氧化和应激反应,以及细胞周期和细胞凋亡。本综述总结了目前对潜在的主要基因和多态性的文献,在先前描述的损伤响应途径中,这些损伤途径涉及皮肤辐射损伤的敏感性。将探讨当前研究和进一步的发现途径的潜在缺陷。

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