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Micromechanical control of cell and tissue development: implications for tissue engineering.

机译:细胞和组织发育的微机械控制:对组织工程的意义。

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摘要

Tissue engineering approaches for repair of diseased or lost organs will require the development of new biomaterials that guide cell behavior and seamlessly integrate with living tissues. Previous approaches to engineer artificial tissues have focused largely on optimization of scaffold polymer chemistry and selection of appropriate biochemical additives (e.g., growth factors, adhesive ligands) to provide effective developmental control. However, recent work has shown that micromechanical forces and local variations of extracellular matrix (ECM) elasticity at the microscale regulate cell and tissue development both in vitro and in vivo. The micromechanical properties of the host tissue microenvironment also play a critical role in control of stem cell lineage switching. Here we discuss how new understanding of the fundamental role that mechanical forces play in tissue development might be leveraged to facilitate the development of new types of biomimetic materials for regenerative medicine, with a focus on the design of injectable materials that can target to injury sites, recruit stem cells and direct cellular self-assembly to regenerate functional tissues and organs in situ.
机译:用于修复患病或丢失器官的组织工程方法将需要开发新的生物材料,以指导细胞行为并与活组织无缝整合。工程人造组织的先前方法主要集中在支架聚合物化学的最优化和适当生化添加剂(例如生长因子,粘合剂配体)的选择上,以提供有效的发育控制。但是,最近的工作表明,微机械力和微尺度下细胞外基质(ECM)弹性的局部变化在体外和体内均能调节细胞和组织的发育。宿主组织微环境的微机械特性在控制干细胞谱系转换中也起着关键作用。在这里,我们将讨论如何利用对机械力在组织发育中所起的基本作用的新认识,来促进新型的仿生材料用于再生医学的开发,并着重于设计可靶向损伤部位的可注射材料,募集干细胞并指导细胞自组装,以原位再生功能组织和器官。

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