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首页> 外文期刊>Icarus: International Journal of Solar System Studies >The albedo of Mars: Six Mars years of observations from Pancam on the Mars Exploration Rovers and comparisons to MOC, CTX and HiRISE
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The albedo of Mars: Six Mars years of observations from Pancam on the Mars Exploration Rovers and comparisons to MOC, CTX and HiRISE

机译：火星的Albedo：来自Pancam的六年的观察MANS勘探群和MOC，CTX和HIRISE比较

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摘要

The Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) Spirit and Opportunity have systematically used their Panoramic Camera (Pancam) instruments to estimate the Lambert albedo of the surface across their traverses in Gusev crater and Meridiani Planum. The 360 "albedo pan" observations acquired with Pancam's broadband (739 +/- 338 nm) L1 filter allow for quantitative estimates of the overall surface albedo and measurements of individual surface features. As of November 2016, over nearly six Mars years of the MER mission, Spirit acquired 20 albedo pans (over 7,730 m of traverse distance) and Opportunity acquired 117 albedo pans (over 42,368 m of traverse distance). For Spirit, this comprises the rover's complete dataset. The ranges of Pancam-derived albedos at Gusev crater (0.14-0.24) and at Meridiani Planum (0.11-0.22, with one anomalously high measurement of 0.27 during the July 2007 global dust storm) are consistent with large-scale albedos of the sites as previously determined by the Viking Orbiter Infrared Thermal Mapper (IRTM), Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES), MGS Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS), Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Context Camera (CTX) and MRO Mars Color Imager (MARCI) instruments. Through comparisons with atmospheric opacity measurements, temporal changes in Pancam albedo values provide insights into interactions between the Martian surface and atmosphere. Pancam observations are also used to "ground truth" measurements from orbit and validate radiometric calibrations, and we present comparisons across the full rover traverses to MOC, CTX, and MRO High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) data. Albedo averages from the same regions observed by Pancam and all three orbital instruments generally agree to within +/- 15%. The few instances found where cross-instrument comparisons exceed the estimated instrument calibration uncertainties can be attributed to atmospheric effects and
机译：MARS勘探流浪者（MER）精神和机会系统地使用了他们的全景相机（Pancam）仪器来估计旨在在Gusev Crater和Meridiani Planum的穿越地表的Lambert Albedo。 360“Albedo Pan”与Pancam的宽带（739 +/- 338nm）L1过滤器获得的观察结果允许整体表面的定量估计和各个表面特征的测量。截至2016年11月，在MER任务的近六个火星年内，Spirit获得了20辆Albedo PANs（超过7,730米的横向距离），机会收购了117辆Albedo PANS（超过42,368米的横向距离）。对于精神，这包括Rover的完整数据集。在Gusev火山口（0.14-0.24）和Meridiani Planum（0.11-0.22的Pancam衍生的Albedos的范围（0.11-0.22，在2007年7月全球沙尘暴期间有一个异常高测量0.27）是与地点的大规模玻璃玻璃以前由Viking Orbiter红外热映射器（IRTM），MARS全球测量师（MGS）热发射光谱仪（TES），MGS MARS轨道机相机（MOC），火星奥德赛热排放成像系统（MOOC），火星侦察轨道（MRO）上下文相机（CTX）和MRO MARS彩色成像器（MARCI）仪器。通过对大气不透明度测量的比较，Pancam Albedo的时间变化提供了Martian表面与大气之间的相互作用的见解。 PanCAM观察也用于“真相”测量从轨道和验证辐射校准，我们在整个ROVER遍历MOC，CTX和MRO高分辨率成像科学实验（HIRISE）数据时显示比较。来自Pancam观察到的同一区域的Albedo平均值通常同意在+/- 15％之内。在跨仪器比较超过估计的仪器校准不确定性的情况下，少数实例可以归因于大气效应和

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