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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Mobile measurement of methane emissions from natural gas developments in northeastern British Columbia, Canada
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Mobile measurement of methane emissions from natural gas developments in northeastern British Columbia, Canada

机译：加拿大哥伦比亚东北北部天然气发展的甲烷排放的移动测量

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North American leaders recently committed to reducing methane emissions from the oil and gas sector, but information on current emissions from upstream oil and gas developments in Canada are lacking. This study examined the occurrence of methane plumes in an area of unconventional natural gas development in northwestern Canada. In August to September 2015 we completed almost 8000 km of vehicle-based survey campaigns on public roads dissecting oil and gas infrastructure, such as well pads and processing facilities. We surveyed six routes 3-6 times each, which brought us past over 1600 unique well pads and facilities managed by more than 50 different operators. To attribute on-oad plumes to oil-and gas-related sources we used gas signatures of residual excess concentrations (anomalies above background) less than 500m downwind from potential oil and gas emission sources. All results represent emissions greater than our minimum detection limit of 0.59 g s(-1) at our average detection distance (319 m). Unlike many other oil and gas developments in the US for which methane measurements have been reported recently, the methane concentrations we measured were close to normal atmospheric levels, except inside natural gas plumes. Roughly 47% of active wells emitted methane-rich plumes above our minimum detection limit. Multiple sites that pre-date the recent unconventional natural gas development were found to be emitting, and we observed that the majority of these older wells were associated with emissions on all survey repeats. We also observed emissions from gas processing facilities that were highly repeatable. Emission patterns in this area were best explained by infrastructure age and type. Extrapolating our results across all oil and gas infrastructure in the Montney area, we estimate that the emission sources we located (emitting at a rate >0.59 g s(-1)) contribute more than 111 800 t of methane annually to the atmosphere. This value exceeds reported bottom-up estimates of 78 000 t of methane for all oil and gas sector sources in British Columbia. Current bottom-up methods for estimating methane emissions do not normally calculate the fraction of emitting oil and gas infrastructure with thorough on-ground measurements. However, this study demonstrates that mobile surveys could provide a more accurate representation of the number of emission sources in an oil and gas development. This study presents the first mobile collection of methane emissions from oil and gas infrastructure in British Columbia, and these results can be used to inform policy development in an era of methane emission reduction efforts.
机译：北美领导人最近致力于减少石油和天然气部门的甲烷排放，但缺乏加拿大上游石油和天然气发展的目前排放的信息。本研究检测了加拿大西北部广泛天然气开发领域的甲烷羽毛的发生。 2015年8月至9月，我们在解剖石油和天然气基础设施等公共道路上完成了近8000公里的车辆调查活动，如垫子和加工设施。我们调查了六条路线，每次3-6次，使我们通过超过1600多个不同的井垫和50多个不同运营商管理的设施。将OAD羽毛属于油气相关的来源，我们使用潜在的石油和气体排放来源的次风低于500m的残留过量浓度（外部异常）的气体签名。所有结果都表示我们平均检测距离（319米）的0.59g S（-1）的最小检测限的排放量。与最近已经报道甲烷测量的许多其他油和气体发生不同，除了天然气羽毛内外，我们测量的甲烷浓度近似于正常大气压。大约47％的活性井发出富含甲烷的羽毛，高于我们的最小检测限。近期近期非传统天然气开发的多个地点被发现发出，我们观察到这些更老井的大多数与所有调查重复的排放有关。我们还观察到了高度可重复的天然气处理设施的排放。基础设施年龄和类型最佳地解释了该区域的排放模式。我们在蒙特尼地区的所有石油和天然气基础设施中推断我们的结果，我们估计我们所定位的排放来源（在速率下发射> 0.59g s（-1）），每年助长111 800吨甲烷。该值超过了不列颠哥伦比亚省所有石油和天然气部门来源的78 000吨甲烷的自下而上估计。用于估计甲烷排放的电流自下而上方法通常不会通过彻底的地面测量来计算发射油气基础设施的分数。然而，本研究表明，移动调查可以提供石油和天然气发射中排放源数量的更准确表示。本研究介绍了英国哥伦比亚石油和天然气基础设施的第一次移动甲烷排放，这些结果可用于向甲烷减排时代的政策发展提供信息。

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