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首页> 外文期刊>Infection, Genetics and Evolution: Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases >Dynamics of prevalence and distribution pattern of avian Plasmodium species and its vectors in diverse zoogeographical areas-A review
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Dynamics of prevalence and distribution pattern of avian Plasmodium species and its vectors in diverse zoogeographical areas-A review

机译：不同佐治地区禽疟原虫物种患病率和分布模式的动态 - 评论

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摘要

Avian Plasmodium is of special interest to health care scientists and veterinarians due to the potency of causing avian malaria in non-adapted birds and their evolutionary phylogenetic relationship with human malaria species. This article aimed to provide a comprehensive list of the common avian Plasmodium parasites in the birds and mosquitoes, to specify the common Plasmodium species and lineages in the selected regions of West of Asia, East of Europe, and North of Africa/Middle East, and to determine the contribution of generalist and host-specific Plasmodium species and lineages. The final list of published infected birds includes 146 species, among which Passer domesticus was the most prevalent in the studied areas. The species of Acrocephalus arundinaceus and Sylvia atricapilla were reported as common infected hosts in the examined regions of three continents. The highest numbers of common species of infected birds between continent pairs were from Asia and Europe, and no common record was found from Europe and Africa. The species of Milvus migrans and Upupa epops were recorded as common species from Asia and Africa. The lineage of GRW11 and species of P. relictum were the most prevalent parasites among all the infection records in birds. The most prevalent genus of vectors of avian malaria belonged to Culex and species of Cx. pipiens. The lineage SGS1 with the highest number of occurrence has been found in various vectors comprising Cx. pipiens, Cx. modestus, Cx. theileri, Cx. sasai, Cx. perexiguus, Lutzia vorax, and Culicoides alazanicus. A total of 31 Plasmodium species and 59 Plasmodium lineages were recorded from these regions. SGS1, GRW04, and GRW11, and P. relictum and P. vaughani are specified as common generalist avian malaria parasites from these three geographic areas. The presence of avian Plasmodium parasites in distant geographic areas and various hosts may be explained by the movement of the infected birds through the migration routes. Although most recorded lineages were from Asia, investigating the distribution of lineages in some of the countries has not been done. Thus, the most important outcome of this review is the determination of the distribution pattern of parasite and vector species that shed light on gaps requiring further studies on the monitoring of avian Plasmodium and common vectors extension. This task could be achieved through scientific field and laboratory networking, performing active surveillance and designing regional/continental control programs of birds' malaria and other zoonotic diseases.
机译：禽疟原虫对医疗科学家和兽医具有特别兴趣的疾病，这是由于导致非适应鸟类的禽疟疾及其与人类疟疾物种的进化系统发育关系的效力。本文旨在提供鸟类和蚊子中常见的禽类疟原虫寄生虫的全面名单，以指定欧洲以东和非洲/中东北部的亚洲西部所选地区的常见疟原虫物种和谱系，确定一般主义者和宿主特异性疟原虫物种和谱系的贡献。发表的受感染鸟类的最终清单包括146种，其中过客是研究领域最普遍的。在三大洲的检查区域中报告了Acrocephalus arundinausus和Sylvia Atricapilla的种类。来自亚洲和欧洲的大陆对之间的最多的受感染鸟类的常见种类数量，从欧洲和非洲没有发现常见的记录。 MILVUS MIGRANS和UPUPA EPOPS的种类被记录为来自亚洲和非洲的常见物种。 GRW11和P. RECICTUM的谱系是鸟类中所有感染记录中最普遍的寄生虫。禽疟疾载体中最普遍的属性属于CX和CX的种类。 pipiens。在包括CX的各种载体中发现了具有最多出​​现次数的谱系SGS1。 pipiens，cx。 Modestus，CX。 Theileri，CX。 Sasai，CX。 Perexiguus，Lutzia Vorax和辣椒葡萄干。从这些地区记录了总共31种疟原虫物种和59种血浆谱系。 SGS1，GRW04和GRW11和P. RERICTUM和P.Vaughani被指定为来自这三个地理区域的常见通用禽疟疾寄生虫。在远处地理区域和各种宿主中的存在禽疟原虫的存在可以通过迁移路线的移动来解释受感染的鸟类的运动。虽然大多数录制的血统来自亚洲，但研究了一些国家的谱系的分布尚未完成。因此，本综述中最重要的结果是测定寄生虫的分布模式和缩小光线隙的差距，需要进一步研究禽疟原虫和常用载体延伸的监测。这项任务可以通过科学领域和实验室网络实现，进行积极监测和设计鸟类疟疾和其他动物园疾病的区域/欧陆控制计划。

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