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Plasmodium prevalence across avian host species is positively associated with exposure to mosquito vectors

机译：禽血浆患病率跨越禽宿主物种与暴露在蚊子载体的情况下是正相关的

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摘要

The prevalence of vector-borne parasites varies greatly across host species, and this heterogeneity has been used to relate infectious disease susceptibility to host species traits. However, a few empirical studies have directly associated vector-borne parasite prevalence with exposure to vectors across hosts. Here, we use DNA sequencing of blood meals to estimate utilization of different avian host species by Culex mosquitoes, and relate utilization by these malaria vectors to avian Plasmodium prevalence. We found that avian host species that are highly utilized as hosts by avian malaria vectors are significantly more likely to have Plasmodium infections. However, the effect was not consistent among individual Plasmodium taxa. Exposure to vector bites may therefore influence the relative number of all avian Plasmodium infections among host species, while other processes, such as parasite competition and host-parasite coevolution, delimit the host distributions of individual Plasmodium species. We demonstrate that links between avian malaria susceptibility and host traits can be conditioned by patterns of exposure to vectors. Linking vector utilization rates to host traits may be a key area of future research to understand mechanisms that produce variation in the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens among host species.
机译：载体传播寄生虫的患病率在宿主物种上变化很大，并且这种异质性已经用于将传染病易感性与宿主物种特征相关。然而，一些实证研究直接相关的载体传染寄生虫患病率随着宿主的接触。在此，我们使用DNA测序血粕通过CULEX蚊子估计不同禽宿主物种的利用，并将这些疟疾载体的利用与禽类疟原虫患病率相关。我们发现，禽类疟疾载体的主持人高度使用的禽类宿主物种明显更容易具有疟原虫感染。然而，各种疟原虫的效果不一致。因此，暴露于载体叮咬可能影响宿主物种中所有禽疟原虫感染的相对数量，而其他方法，例如寄生虫竞争和寄生寄生虫共同划分，界定了个体疟原虫物种的宿主分布。我们证明AVIAN疟疾易感性和宿主性状之间的联系可以通过接触载体的模式来调节。将传染媒介利用率与托管特征联系起来可能是未来研究的关键领域，以了解在宿主物种中产生载体传播病原体的患病率的变化的机制。

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