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Pathogenesis of brain damage in glutaric acidemia type I: Lessons from the genetic mice model

机译:戊二酸血症患者脑损伤的发病机制I:遗传小鼠模型的课程

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摘要

Glutaric acidemia type I (GA I) is an inherited neurometabolic disease caused by deficient activity of the mitochondrial enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), resulting in predominant accumulation of glutaric and 3-hydroxyglutaric acids derived from lysine (Lys), hydroxylysine, and tryptophan catabolism. GA I patients usually present progressive cortical leukodystrophy and frequently develop acute striatal degeneration during encephalopathic crises during the first three years of life. The pathophysiology of the neurodegeneration observed in GA I is still partly known, although the development of the genetic mice model of GA I (Gcdh(-/-)) has contributed to clarify potential underlying mechanisms involved in brain damage in this disease. In this review we will summarize the knowledge acquired from studies using this animal model indicating that disruption of redox homeostasis, glutamatergic neurotransmission and bioenergetics, as well as vascular alterations, blood-brain barrier breakage and altered myelination underlie the cortical and striatum abnormalities and white matter changes observed in GA I patients. Elucidation of these pathomechanisms potentially offers new standpoints for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
机译:戊二酸型I(Ga i)是由线粒体酶谷谷CoA脱氢酶(GCDH)的缺乏活性引起的遗传性神经曲目疾病,导致衍生自赖氨酸(Lys),羟基氨基葡萄球菌和羟基氨基和3-羟基戊酸的主要积累色氨酸分解代谢。 GA I患者通常存在进步皮质白科萎缩,并且在生命的前三年期间患脑病危机中的急性纹状性变性。在Ga i中观察到的神经变性的病理生理学仍然是部分已知的,尽管GA I(GCDH( - / - ))的遗传小鼠模型的发展有助于澄清脑损伤潜在的潜在潜在的潜在疾病的机制。在本次审查中,我们将总结使用这种动物模型获取的知识,所述动物模型表明雷诺稳态,谷氨酸神经传递学和生物能源的破坏,以及血管改变,血脑屏障破裂和改变的髓鞘都会提出皮质和纹状体异常和白质在GA I患者中观察到的变化。阐明这些公务机制可能为该疾病的新疗法发展提供了新的观点。

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