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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Metalcasting: Leading the Transfer of Research and Technology for the Global Metalcasting Industry >Optimizing Morphology of Primary Carbides and Mechanical Properties during Processing of Cast-Cold Work AISI D2-Steel Press Forming Dies
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Optimizing Morphology of Primary Carbides and Mechanical Properties during Processing of Cast-Cold Work AISI D2-Steel Press Forming Dies

机译：优化铸造铸造铸造铸铁初级碳化物和力学性能的形态AISI D2-钢压制成型模具

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摘要

Cold work tool steels are used for punching, cutting, forming, cold forging, cold extrusion, cold rolling, etc. Those steels have higher hard phases like carbides and plate martensite compared to other steel alloys, but the everlasting challenge is the enough strength to toughness relation, without immediate fracture. Carbides provide the wear resistance, acting as hard precipitates inside the structure of steels. Variation in size and fraction of carbides, depending on manufacturing route, alloy content, hot working and heat treatment, will give the tool steel the desired mechanical properties. However, conventional cast tooling is the major production route used, which could be followed by a process called electro slag refining where not only the nonmetallic inclusion content is lowered but also the texture of steel is modified. Conventional casting of tool and die steels has a lower production cost per unit than the conventional processing routes. The disadvantage though is a more heterogeneous material, due to segregation of primary or leduburitic carbide net cells. Experimental trials were made to control the distribution and morphology of primary carbides in the matrix of martensite by spheroidizing them through molten metal treatment by using FeSiMgRe ferroalloy additions and heat treatment processes. Types and distributions of different carbides in the matrix of cast D2-steel were detected using X-ray diffraction and SEM/EDX units. Series of carbides like (FeCr)7C3, (FeCr)3C and (FeCr)4C were detected. In all cases, the optimum tempering conditions were found to be (300 degrees C, 5h, air cooling), which in turn insured hardness of about 59-63HRC for cast AISI-D2 steel. The fracture index for that hard matrix was Kic=70-60MPam, and impact energy=54-35J was achieved.
机译：冷轧工具钢用于冲压，切割，成型，冷锻，冷挤压，冷轧等。这些钢与其他钢合金相比，碳化物和板马氏体等更高的硬相，但永恒的挑战是足够的力量韧性关系，无需立即骨折。碳化物提供耐磨性，作用于钢的结构内的硬沉淀物。根据制造路线，合金含量，热加工和热处理，碳化物的尺寸和分数变化将使工具钢成为所需的机械性能。然而，传统的铸造工具是所用的主要生产路线，其次是一种称为电渣精制的过程，其中不仅是非金属包涵体的降低，而且改变了钢的纹理。工具和模具钢的常规铸造具有比传统加工路线的每单位生产成本较低。缺点虽然是一种更异质的材料，由于原发性或铅纤维碳净细胞的偏差。通过使用Fesimgre铁合金添加和热处理方法将它们通过熔融金属处理来控制马氏体基质中原代碳化物的分布和形态。使用X射线衍射和SEM / EDX单元检测铸造D2-钢基质中不同碳化物的类型和分布。检测到（FECR）7C3，（FECR）3C和（FECR）4C的碳化物系列。在所有情况下，发现最佳回火条件是（300℃，5h，空气冷却），其又为铸造AISI-D2钢的约59-63HRC的固定硬度。该硬质基质的裂缝指数是KIC = 70-60MPAM，并且实现了冲击能量= 54-35J。

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