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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology >Impacts of gravel jetting on the composition of fish spawning substrates: Implications for river restoration and fisheries management
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Impacts of gravel jetting on the composition of fish spawning substrates: Implications for river restoration and fisheries management

机译：砾石喷射对鱼类产卵基材组成的影响：河流修复与渔业管理的影响

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摘要

Fine sediments can impact river biota, with egg and larval stages of lithophilic fish particularly sensitive to deposition of sand- to clay-sized particles ('fines') in spawning gravels. Mitigation and restoration methods include jetting to cleanse gravels of fines. Despite wide application, impacts of jetting on gravel composition and quality have rarely been quantified. Here, gravel jetting impacts on sediment composition in the River Great Ouse (UK), were tested during an in-situ experiment completed at riffle (55.6 +/- 13.4 m(2)) and patch (0.3 m(2)) scales to determine its magnitude and persistence on surface and subsurface substrate conditions. Before-after (riffle) and control-impact (patch) designs were used, with bedload sediment traps installed downstream of experimental patches to investigate the sediments mobilised during jetting. At the riffle scale, surface grain size was significantly altered; fines were removed resulting in coarser and better-sorted sediments. Similar patterns were detected at the patch scale, although sediment sorting was not significantly altered. Despite reduced fine sediment content of subsurface gravels at the riffle scale, the overall grain size composition was not significantly altered. At the patch scale, no subsurface improvements were detected. Temporally, at the riffle scale, no changes in surface or subsurface sediments lasted more than 12 months; patch scale changes generally persisted for less than 3 months. Thus, whilst gravel jetting could improve spawning gravel quality for surface spawning fishes, including European barbel Barbus barbus, its effects are short-lived. Because subsurface sediments are not affected by gravel jetting, the benefits are limited for redd-building fishes, such as salmonids. Consequently, reducing fine sediment delivery to rivers, such as by changes in agricultural practices, is more sustainable for managing excessive river sedimentation. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：细沉积物可以影响河流生物群，用蛋白鱼类的鸡蛋和幼虫阶段对产卵砾石沉积沉积粘土粒度（'粉末）。减缓和恢复方法包括喷射以清洁粉末的粒子。尽管应用广泛，但喷射对砾石组成和质量的影响很少被量化。在此处，在河流（英国）的原位实验期间测试砾石喷射影响在Riffle（55.6 +/- 13.4 m（2））和贴片（0.3米（2））尺度上确定其幅度和持久性对表面和地下基板条件。使用前（Riffle）和控制 - 冲击（贴片）设计，使用床单沉积物陷阱安装在实验贴片下游，以研究在喷射期间动员的沉积物。在Riffle刻度下，表面粒度明显改变;除去细粒，导致粗糙和更好地排序的沉积物。在补丁量表中检测到类似的模式，尽管沉积物分选不会显着改变。尽管在Riffle Scale处降低了地下砾石的细沉积物含量，但整体粒度组成没有显着改变。在补丁量表中，未检测到地下改进。在临时，在Riffle Scale下，表面或地下沉积物的变化持续超过12个月;补丁量表变化通常持续不到3个月。因此，虽然砾石喷射可以改善表面产卵鱼类的产卵砾石质量，包括欧洲杠铃芭巴布芭巴顶，其效果是短暂的。由于地下沉积物不受碎石喷射的影响，因此有限公司的利益有限，用于红地建筑鱼类，如鲑鱼。因此，减少了对河流的细沉积物，例如通过农业实践的变化，更加可持续，以管理过度河流沉降。 （c）2017 Elsevier B.v.保留所有权利。

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