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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Deep seated fault-related volcanogenic H2S as the key agent of high sinkhole concentration areas
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Deep seated fault-related volcanogenic H2S as the key agent of high sinkhole concentration areas

机译：深坐姿的故障相关的波动H2S作为高污水浓度区域的关键代理

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Karst collapse sinkholes (KCS) are a peculiar karst morphology resulting from the collapse of the topographic surface caused by subsurface karstification. In the Southern Apennines these phenomena are not randomly distributed but concentrate in several zones, named High Sinkhole Concentration Areas (HSCA), showing peculiar geological, structural and hydrogeological conditions. Gas vents and mineral springs occur widely in these HSCA, and are often stricty related to the KCS. Starting from four representative areas, the aim of this study is to ascertain if there is a genetic link between peculiar mineralogical vs geochemical features of densely fractured/altered rocky masses in KCS, gas vents/springs occurrences and diffuse hypogenic karstification. By means of a multidisciplinary approach (geological/geomorphological, mineralogical and geochemical) we selected and analysed four different kinds of samples related to KCS, gas vent and spring occurrences: (i) altered to deeply altered limestones sampled in the sinkholes; (ii) unaltered limestones sampled in close proximity to sinkhole areas; (iii) gypsum-rich crusts/patinae, precipitated near to gas vents; (iv) gypsum- and calcite-rich precipitates occurring at springs or inside caves. Among neoformed non-carbonate minerals, gypsum is virtually ubiquitous, halides (fluorite, halite, sylvite) also occur in small to trace amounts. The mineralogical assemblages of the different samples show similarities and may also be compatible with hypogenic speleogenesis and with a process of alteration of the carbonate bedrock by means of uprising mineralizing fluids along structural discontinuities. Stable isotopic compositions (S, O) display strong variability in delta S-34 and delta O-18 for sulfate in the different areas, but a deep-seated sulfur source can be hypothesized for many of the studied KCS-related samples. This study has important implications for the relationships between areas of high concentration of sinkholes, regi
机译：岩溶折叠下沉孔（KC）是由地下岩系引起的地形表面的崩溃产生的特殊岩溶。在Southern Apennines中，这些现象不是随机分布，而是集中在几个区域，名为高污水浓度区域（HSCA），显示出特殊的地质，结构和水文地质条件。气体通风口和矿泉在这些HSCA中均广泛发生，并且通常与KC有关的严格。从四个代表领域开始，本研究的目的是确定是否存在特殊矿物学与KCS，气体通风口/弹簧的岩石质量密集碎片/改变岩石质量的地球化学特征之间存在遗传联系。通过多学科方法（地质/地貌，矿物学，地球化学），我们选择并分析了与KC，天然气通风口和弹簧发生相关的四种不同种类的样品：（i）改变以深入改变在下沉孔中采样的石灰岩; （ii）未改变的石灰岩在沉孔区域附近采样; （iii）富含石膏的外壳/帕特纳，靠近燃气通风口; （iv）在弹簧或洞穴内发生的石膏和富钴沉淀物。在新铸非碳酸盐矿物中，石膏几乎普遍存在，卤化物（萤石，宿骨，Syllvite）也小于痕量量。不同样品的矿物学组合呈现相似性，也可以与低生磷酸盐和通过沿结构不连续的起义矿化流体来改变碳酸盐基岩的过程。稳定的同位素组合物（S，O）在不同区域中显示Delta S-34和Delta O-18的强大变异性，但是可以为许多研究的KCS相关样品假设深层硫源。本研究对高浓度下沉地区之间的关系具有重要意义，REGI

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