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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Partitioned by process: Measuring post-fire debris-flow and rill erosion with Structure from Motion photogrammetry
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Partitioned by process: Measuring post-fire debris-flow and rill erosion with Structure from Motion photogrammetry

机译：按过程分区：测量火灾后泥石流和带有运动摄影测量的结构的碎屑腐蚀

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After wildfire, hillslope and channel erosion produce large amounts of sediment and can contribute significantly to long-term erosion rates. However, pre-erosion high-resolution topographic data (e.g. lidar) is often not available and determining specific contributions from post-fire hillslope and channel erosion is challenging. The impact of post-fire erosion on landscape evolution is demonstrated with Structure from Motion (SfM) Multi-View Stereo (MVS) photogrammetry in a 1 km(2) Idaho Batholith catchment burned in the 2016 Pioneer Fire. We use SfM-MVS to quantify post-fire erosion without detailed pre-erosion topography and hillslope transects to improve estimates of rill erosion at adequate spatial scales. Widespread rilling and channel erosion produced a runoff-generated debris-flow following modest precipitation in October 2016. We implemented unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based SfM-MVS to derive a 5 cm resolution digital elevation model (DEM) of the channel scoured by debris-flow. In the absence of cm-resolution pre-erosion topography, a synthetic surface was defined by the debris-flow scour's geomorphic signature and we used a DEM of Difference (DoD) to map and quantify channel erosion. We found 3467 +/- 422 m(3) was eroded by debris-flow scour. Rill dimensions along hillslope transects and Monte Carlo simulation show rilling eroded similar to 1100 m(3) of sediment and define a volume uncertainty of 29%. The total eroded volume (4600 +/- 740 m(3)) we measured in our study catchment is partitioned into 75% channel erosion and 25% rill erosion, reinforcing the importance of catchment size on erosion process-dominance. The deposit volume from the 2016 event was 5700 +/- 1140 m(3), indicating similar to 60% contribution from post-fire channel erosion. Dating of charcoal fragments preserved in stratigraphy at the catchment outlet, and reconstructions of prior deposit volumes provide a record of Holocene fire-related debris-flows at this site; results suggest that episodic wildfire-driven erosion (similar to 6 mm/year) dominate millennial-scale erosion (similar to 5 mm/Ka) at this site. (c) 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：在野火之后，山坡和沟道侵蚀产生大量沉积物，可以显着贡献长期侵蚀率。然而，侵蚀预分辨率的高分辨率地形数据（例如LIDAR）通常不可用，并确定火山后山坡和渠道侵蚀的具体贡献是挑战性的。从2016年Pioneer火灾中烧毁的1公里我们使用SFM-MVS量化消防后侵蚀，无需详细的侵蚀预侵蚀地形和山坡横断，以改善足够的空间尺度的植物腐蚀估算。广泛的植物和沟道侵蚀在2016年10月实施了巨大的降水之后产生了径流产生的碎片流动。我们实施了无人驾驶飞行器（UAV）的SFM-MV，以推导出渠道的5厘米分辨率数字高度模型（DEM）。泥石流。在没有CM分辨率预侵蚀地形的情况下，合成表面由碎片流动的地貌签名定义，我们使用了差异（DOD）的DEM来映射和量化信道侵蚀。我们发现3467 +/- 422米（3）被碎片流动缝制侵蚀。沿着Hillslope Transfects的雨螺尺寸和蒙特卡罗模拟显示Rilling侵蚀类似于1100米（3）粒沉积物，并限定29％的不确定性。我们在研究流域中测量的总侵蚀的体积（4600 +/- 740米（3））被划分为75％的通道侵蚀和25％的溃落侵蚀，加强了集水区规模对侵蚀过程的重要性。 2016年事件的存款量为5700 +/- 1140米（3），表明火灾后渠道侵蚀的贡献类似于60％。在集水场所保存的木炭碎片的约会，以及先前存款卷的重建提供了在本网站的全新世火灾相关碎片流程的记录;结果表明，该野生火灾驱动的侵蚀（类似于6毫米/年）在本网站上占据千禧一级侵蚀（类似于5毫米/ kA）。 （c）2019 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd。

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