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Investigation of service failures of steel music wire

机译：钢音丝服务故障调查

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An investigation of a number of service failures of the hard steel strings of plucked musical instruments is reported. All the failed strings were found to contain transverse fatigue cracks, mostly located near the end of the vibrating length (e.g. at the "bridge" of the instrument) and extending to about one third of the section thickness. One wire had corroded severely before failing in fatigue. Final failure occurred by ductile fracture. An analysis of the service stresses showed that the strings are subjected to high mean tensile stresses resulting principally from elastoplastic bending opposite the failure location. It is shown that a small cyclic axial tension arises from repeated plucking during playing and this can lead to fatigue initiation and propagation over a large proportion of the wire cross section. Neither surface nor bulk defects, wear nor contact stresses were found to be factors of importance in the cases examined, contrary to some speculation.
机译：据报道了对拆除乐器硬钢串的许多服务故障的调查。 发现所有失败的弦串包含横向疲劳裂缝，主要位于振动长度的末端（例如，在仪器的“桥梁”）附近，并延伸到截面厚度的大约三分之一。 在疲劳失败之前，一根电线严重腐蚀。 韧性骨折发生最终失败。 对服务应力的分析表明，弦受到高平均拉伸应力，主要是从失效位置相反的弹性塑料弯曲。 结果表明，在播放期间反复拔牙产生小的循环轴向张力，这可以导致疲劳开始和在大部分线横截面上的传播。 没有发现表面和散装缺陷，磨损和接触应力是在检查的病例中的重要因素，与一些猜测相反。

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