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首页> 外文期刊>European Biophysics Journal >Characterizing the interactions of two lipid modifications with lipid rafts: farnesyl anchors vs. palmitoyl anchors
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Characterizing the interactions of two lipid modifications with lipid rafts: farnesyl anchors vs. palmitoyl anchors

机译：用脂质筏表征两种脂质修饰的相互作用：法呢基锚与Palmitoyl锚

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摘要

Farnesyl (Far) and palmitoyl (Pal) anchors play important roles in the traffic of many lipidated proteins. Herein, we show the distinctive interactions and influences of the two lipid modifications on lipid rafts (LRs) and non-raft-like membranes using molecular dynamics simulations. Palmitoyl anchors behave in a more ordered fashion, pack tighter with the lipids of LRs and diffuse at a slower rate than farnesyl anchors in LRs. When interacting with non-raft-like membranes these two types of anchors become less ordered, pack more loosely with lipids, and diffuse at a higher rate. By calculating both the number of contacts per chain and the number of contact atoms per carbon of the two anchors with the lipid components, we found that the palmitoyl chains preferred to associate with the saturated chains of lipids and cholesterol molecules in LRs, while farnesyl chains favored association with saturated chains and unsaturated chains. For non-raft-like membranes, these two lipid anchors had roughly the same preference for the three types of contact lipid chains. Additionally, palmitoyl anchors caused cholesterol to orient more perpendicular to the membrane surface, surrounding lipids to become more ordered, and lipid lateral fluidity to reduce significantly, compared to farnesyl anchors in LRs. By contrast, the POPE and DSPC became much less ordered, cholesterol became more tilted, and lipids became more fluid, when the two types lipid anchors were inserted in non-raft-like membranes. These findings are useful for understanding the traffic mechanisms of lipidated proteins with farnesyl and palmitoyl modifications in cell membranes.
机译：法呢基（远）和PalmItoyl（Pal）锚在许多脂质蛋白的交通中发挥重要作用。在此，我们使用分子动力学模拟显示了两种脂质修饰对脂质筏（LRS）和非筏状膜的显着相互作用和影响。 PalmItoyl锚点以更有序的方式行事，包装较小的LR脂质，并以比LRS中的法呢尼锚延长的速率漫射。当与非RAFT样膜相互作用时，这两种类型的锚点变得较小，用脂质更松散地包装，并以更高的速率漫射。通过计算每种链的触点数和两个锚点的每个碳的接触原子数，我们发现棕榈酰基链条优选与LRS中的脂质链和胆固醇分子的饱和链相关联，而法呢基链青睐与饱和链和不饱和链的关联。对于非筏状膜，这两个脂质锚对三种类型的接触脂链具有大致相同的偏好。另外，施放胆固醇导致胆固醇更垂直于膜表面，周围脂质以变得更具有序，并且与LRS中的游艇锚定相比，脂质横向流动性明显减少。相比之下，教皇和DSPC变得更少，胆固醇变得更加倾斜，并且当两种脂质锚在非筏状膜中插入两种脂质锚时，脂质变得更加流体。这些发现对于了解脂质化蛋白质的脂质蛋白质和棕榈酰基在细胞膜中的修饰是有用的。

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