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Animal models of major depressive disorder and the implications for drug discovery and development

机译：主要抑郁症的动物模型及对药物发现与发展的影响

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Introduction: Depression is a highly debilitating psychiatric disorder that affects the global population and causes severe disabilities and suicide. Depression pathogenesis remains poorly understood, and the disorder is often treatment-resistant and recurrent, necessitating the development of novel therapies, models and concepts in this field. Areas covered: Animal models are indispensable for translational biological psychiatry, and markedly advance the study of depression. Novel approaches continuously emerge that may help untangle the disorder heterogeneity and unclear categories of disease classification systems. Some of these approaches include widening the spectrum of model species used for translational research, using a broader range of test paradigms, exploring new pathogenic pathways and biomarkers, and focusing more closely on processes beyond neural cells (e.g. glial, inflammatory and metabolic deficits). Expert opinion: Dividing the core symptoms into easily translatable, evolutionarily conserved phenotypes is an effective way to reevaluate current depression modeling. Conceptually novel approaches based on the endophenotype paradigm, cross-species trait genetics and 'domain interplay concept', as well as using a wider spectrum of model organisms and target systems will enhance experimental modeling of depression and antidepressant drug discovery.
机译：介绍：抑郁症是一种高度衰弱的精神疾病，影响全球人口，并导致严重的残疾和自杀。抑郁发病机制仍然明白较差，并且这种疾病通常是治疗抗性和经常性的，需要开发该领域的新疗法，模型和概念。覆盖区域：动物模型对于翻译生物精神病学是不可或缺的，并明显推进抑郁症的研究。持续出现的新方法可能有助于解开疾病异质性和不明确的疾病分类系统类别。这些方法中的一些包括扩大用于翻译研究的模型物种的光谱，使用更广泛的测试范例，探索新的致病途径和生物标志物，并在神经细胞超出过程中更紧密地关注（例如胶质，炎症和代谢缺陷）。专家意见：将核心症状除以易于翻译，进化保守的表型是重新评估当前抑郁症建模的有效方法。基于Endophootype actAdigm的概念性新的方法，交叉物种性状遗传和“域名相互作用”以及使用更广泛的模型生物和靶系统将增强抑郁和抗抑郁药物发现的实验模型。

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